School of Resources and Chemical Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming, 365004, Fujian, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, People's Republic of China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Feb 26;196(3):310. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12470-z.
To reveal differences in arsenic (As) accumulation among indica rice cultivars and assess the human health risks arising from inorganic arsenic (iAs) intake via rice consumption, a total of 320 field indica rice samples and corresponding soil samples were collected from Fujian Province in China. The results showed that available soil As (0.03 to 3.83 mg/kg) showed a statistically significant positive correlation with total soil As (0.10 to 19.45 mg/kg). The inorganic As content in brown rice was between 0.001 and 0.316 mg/kg. Among the cultivars, ten brown rice samples (3.13%) exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of iAs in food of 0.2 mg/kg in China. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and calculated individual incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) ranged from 0.337 µg/day to 106.60 µg/day and from 8.18 × 10 to 2.59 × 10, respectively. Surprisingly, the average EDI and the EDIs of 258 (80.63%) brown rice samples were higher than the maximum daily intake (MDI) of 10 µg/day in drinking water as set by the National Research Council. The mean ILCR associated with iAs was 54.3 per 100,000, which exceeds the acceptable upper limit (AUL) of 10 per 100,000 set by the USEPA. Notably, the cultivars Y-Liang-You 1 and Shi-Ji 137 exhibited significantly higher mean ILCRs compared to the AUL and other cultivars, indicating that they pose more serious cancer risks to the local population. Finally, this study demonstrated that the cultivars Yi-Xiang 2292 and Quan-Zhen 10 were the optimal cultivars to mitigate risks associated with iAs to human health from rice consumption.
为了揭示籼稻品种间砷（As）积累的差异，并评估通过食用稻米摄入无机砷（iAs）所带来的人体健康风险，本研究从中国福建省共采集了 320 个田间籼稻样本和相应的土壤样本。结果表明，土壤中有效砷（0.03 至 3.83 毫克/千克）与总土壤砷（0.10 至 19.45 毫克/千克）呈显著正相关。糙米中的无机砷含量在 0.001 至 0.316 毫克/千克之间。在所检测的品种中，有 10 个糙米样本（3.13%）超过了中国食品中 iAs 的最大污染物限量（MCL）0.2 毫克/千克。估计的每日摄入量（EDI）和计算出的个体增量终身癌症风险（ILCR）范围分别为 0.337 微克/天至 106.60 微克/天和 8.18 × 10 至 2.59 × 10。令人惊讶的是，258 个（80.63%）糙米样本的平均 EDI 及其 EDI 均高于国家研究委员会设定的饮用水中 10 微克/天的最大日摄入量（MDI）。与 iAs 相关的平均 ILCR 为每 10 万人 54.3 人，超过了美国环保署设定的每 10 万人 10 人的可接受上限（AUL）。值得注意的是，品种“宜香 2292”和“荃珍 10”的平均 ILCR 明显高于 AUL 和其他品种，表明它们对当地人群的癌症风险更大。最后，本研究表明，品种“宜香 2292”和“荃珍 10”是减轻食用稻米摄入 iAs 对人体健康风险的最佳品种。
