护士的焦虑和抑郁与个性和职业的相关性：角色冲突、核心自我评价、负性情绪和欺凌的作用。
Personality and occupational correlates of anxiety and depression in nurses: the contribution of role conflict, core self-evaluations, negative affect and bullying.
机构信息
Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2022 Sep 10;10(1):215. doi: 10.1186/s40359-022-00921-6.
BACKGROUND
The work environment and the fatiguing nature of nursing are risk factors that cause psychological disorders. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between role conflict, core self-evaluations, negative affect, and bullying with anxiety and depression in nurses.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted on the nurses working in hospitals of Bandar Abbas, Iran over 4 months (August 2019-November 2019). Data were collected using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule scale, Role Conflict Questionnaire, Core Self-Evaluations Scale, Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 22 software and the significance level was considered 0.05.
RESULTS
The findings revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between role conflict (r = 0.422, p < 0.01), negative affect (r = 0.715, p < 0.01), and bullying (r = 0.443, p < 0.01) with anxiety. Moreover, there was a significant negative relationship between core self-evaluations with anxiety (r = - 0.482, p < 0.01). Also, the findings indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between role conflict (r = 0.382, p < 0.01), negative affect (r = 0.672, p < 0.01), and bullying (r = 0.433, p < 0.01) with depression. There was a significant negative relationship between core self-evaluations and depression (r = - 0.603, p < 0.01). Moreover, regression analysis results revealed that negative affect, role conflict, and core self-evaluations predicted 54.3% of anxiety variance significantly. And lastly, negative affect and core self-evaluations predicted 53.3% of depression variance significantly.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings indicated that having high negative affect, low core self-evaluations, high role conflict, and exposure to bullying at work enhances the rate of depression and anxiety in nurses. Hence, it is essential to improve the mental health of nurses and thus the quality of care provided by them through recognizing suitable supportive strategies and interventions.
背景
工作环境和护理的疲劳性质是导致心理障碍的危险因素。本研究旨在调查护士角色冲突、核心自我评价、负面情绪和欺凌与焦虑和抑郁之间的关系。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，于 2019 年 8 月至 11 月在伊朗班达尔阿巴斯的医院对护士进行了 4 个月的调查。使用积极和消极情绪量表、角色冲突问卷、核心自我评价量表、负面行为问卷修订版、贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）和贝克焦虑量表收集数据。使用 SPSS 版本 22 软件对数据进行 t 检验、单因素方差分析、皮尔逊相关系数和多元回归分析，显著性水平设为 0.05。
结果
结果表明，角色冲突（r=0.422，p<0.01）、负面情绪（r=0.715，p<0.01）和欺凌（r=0.443，p<0.01）与焦虑呈显著正相关。此外，核心自我评价与焦虑呈显著负相关（r=-0.482，p<0.01）。此外，研究结果表明，角色冲突（r=0.382，p<0.01）、负面情绪（r=0.672，p<0.01）和欺凌（r=0.433，p<0.01）与抑郁呈显著正相关。核心自我评价与抑郁呈显著负相关（r=-0.603，p<0.01）。此外，回归分析结果表明，负面情绪、角色冲突和核心自我评价显著预测焦虑的 54.3%变异。最后，负面情绪和核心自我评价显著预测抑郁的 53.3%变异。
结论
研究结果表明，高负面情绪、低核心自我评价、高角色冲突和工作中受到欺凌会增加护士的抑郁和焦虑发生率。因此，通过识别适当的支持策略和干预措施，改善护士的心理健康，从而提高他们提供的护理质量是至关重要的。
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