International Doctoral School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
Gait Posture. 2022 Oct;98:85-95. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.08.017. Epub 2022 Aug 27.
Parkinson's disease (PD) causes postural instability and gait abnormalities that may be associated with an arm swing reduction.
To conduct systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the kinematic patterns of arm-swing during gait in people with PD METHODS: A computer literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, WOS, PEDro, SCOPUS and SciELO databases was conducted. Terms related to PD and arm-swing were combined to find studies that performed a free walking evaluation of the arm-swing of PD patients on or off medication compared to healthy controls. After a standardized evaluation by three examiners, fifteen articles met inclusion criteria. Random effects meta-analysis models were utilized to quantify (1) the arm-swing range of motion (RoM); (2) the arm-swing amplitude; (3) the arm-swing velocity; and (4) the arm-swing asymmetry.
On average, arm-swing RoM (7.07°), amplitude (0.8 cm), and velocity (0.31 m/s) were significantly decreased in PD compared to healthy controls. Healthy subjects had significantly more symmetrical arm-swing (8.16%) than people with PD. Effect sizes were moderate-large.
People with PD have significant differences in RoM, amplitude, velocity, and asymmetry of arm-swing during gait compared to the healthy control group. Medication phase does not significantly influence arm-swing characteristics. Further studies will be needed to determine whether different disease characteristics influence the biomechanics of arm-swing during gait.
帕金森病（PD）导致姿势不稳定和步态异常，可能与手臂摆动减少有关。
进行系统综述和荟萃分析，以确定 PD 患者步态中手臂摆动的运动学模式。
计算机检索 PubMed、EMBASE、WOS、PEDro、SCOPUS 和 SciELO 数据库，检索与 PD 和手臂摆动相关的术语，结合起来寻找比较 PD 患者药物治疗和非药物治疗以及健康对照组自由行走时手臂摆动的研究。经过三位检查者的标准化评估，有十五篇文章符合纳入标准。采用随机效应荟萃分析模型来量化（1）手臂摆动的活动范围（ROM）；（2）手臂摆动幅度；（3）手臂摆动速度；和（4）手臂摆动不对称性。
平均而言，与健康对照组相比，PD 患者手臂摆动的 ROM（7.07°）、幅度（0.8cm）和速度（0.31m/s）明显降低。健康受试者的手臂摆动对称性明显优于 PD 患者（8.16%）。效应量为中到大。
与健康对照组相比，PD 患者在步态中手臂摆动的 ROM、幅度、速度和不对称性存在显著差异。药物治疗阶段对手臂摆动特征没有显著影响。需要进一步研究以确定不同的疾病特征是否会影响步态中手臂摆动的生物力学。
