Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioresource and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10140, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, 700241, Nigeria.
Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioresource and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.
Biologicals. 2022 Sep;79:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2022.08.007. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
The main pathogen causing severe and neurotrophic hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is enterovirus A71 (EV71). EV71 infection is among the major cause of serious public health burden and economic loss especially in the Asia-pacific region. Yet, no specific anti-viral treatment against this life-threatening infection is currently available. Thus, the best way to control EV71 infection is by vaccination with an effective and safe vaccine. Several strategies are being employed to develop vaccines against EV71. These include conventional and modern recombinant vaccine strategies. Conventional vaccines such as inactivated EV71 vaccines are the most studied and advanced vaccines against HFMD. Recombinant HFMD vaccines developed based on the recombinant DNA technology have been employed but are mostly at early or late preclinical development stage. In this article, we discuss the recent progress and advances in modern recombinant strategies of EV71 vaccine development including subunit, VLP, epitope-based, DNA, and vector-based vaccines, as well as conventional approaches, focusing on their various prospects, advantages and disadvantages.
引起严重和神经毒性手足口病（HFMD）的主要病原体是肠道病毒 A71（EV71）。EV71 感染是亚太地区造成严重公共卫生负担和经济损失的主要原因之一。然而，目前尚无针对这种危及生命的感染的特效抗病毒治疗方法。因此，控制 EV71 感染的最佳方法是通过接种有效和安全的疫苗。目前正在采用几种策略来开发针对 EV71 的疫苗。这些策略包括传统和现代重组疫苗策略。传统疫苗，如灭活 EV71 疫苗，是针对 HFMD 研究最多和最先进的疫苗。基于重组 DNA 技术开发的重组 HFMD 疫苗已经被应用，但大多处于早期或晚期临床前开发阶段。本文讨论了 EV71 疫苗开发的现代重组策略的最新进展和进展，包括亚单位、VLP、基于表位、DNA 和基于载体的疫苗，以及传统方法，重点讨论了它们的各种前景、优势和劣势。
