Pediatric Respiratory and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, San Marco Hospital, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Pediatric Unit, Department of Human and Pediatric Pathology "Gaetano Barresi", AOUP G. Martino, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98124, Messina, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2022 Sep 11;48(1):172. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01366-8.
Nutrition has a central role in child growth with long-term effects, and nutrition management in gastrointestinal disorders has great importance for child health and disease outcomes. Breast milk is the first choice for infant nutrition. When it is not available, special milk formulas are adopted in specific conditions, as a medical treatment. Moving from the strong guidelines, recommendations and the new possibilities of special diet treatment, this review will analyse the current diet treatment in different gastrointestinal disorders, including food allergy, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, short-bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, and eosinophilic esophagitis. The review also aimed at understanding the role of diet and its effects on these diseases. The growth monitoring can prevent malnutrition and improve disease outcomes, particularly in children, and an appropriate dietary management targeted to specific disorders is the best therapeutic choice alone or in combination with pharmacological therapy.
营养在儿童生长中起着核心作用，具有长期影响，胃肠道疾病的营养管理对儿童健康和疾病结局非常重要。母乳是婴儿营养的首选。当无法母乳喂养时，在特定情况下会采用特殊的配方奶，作为一种医疗手段。本综述从强有力的指南、建议和特殊饮食治疗的新可能性出发，分析了不同胃肠道疾病（包括食物过敏、囊性纤维化、炎症性肠病、短肠综合征、胃食管反流和嗜酸性食管炎）中的当前饮食治疗方法。本综述还旨在了解饮食的作用及其对这些疾病的影响。生长监测可以预防营养不良，改善疾病结局，特别是在儿童中，针对特定疾病的适当饮食管理是最佳的治疗选择，单独或联合药物治疗均可。
