Yang Yin, Youlatos Dionisios, Behie Alison M, Belbeisi Roula Al, Huang Zhipang, Tian Yinping, Wang Bin, Zhou Linchun, Xiao Wen
Institute of Eastern Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China.
School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
Curr Zool. 2021 Aug 30;68(4):401-409. doi: 10.1093/cz/zoab071. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Studies on positional behavior and canopy use are essential for understanding how arboreal animals adapt their morphological characteristics and behaviors to the challenges of their environment. This study explores canopy and substrate use along with positional behavior in adult black snub-nosed monkeys , an endemic, critically endangered primate species in Gaoligong Mountains, southwest China. Using continuous focal animal sampling, we collected data over a 52-month period and found that is highly arboreal primarily using the high layers of the forest canopy (15-30 m), along with the terminal zone of tree crowns (52.9%), medium substrates (41.5%), and oblique substrates (56.8%). We also found sex differences in canopy and substrate use. Females use the terminal zones (56.7% versus 40.4%), small/medium (77.7% versus 60.1%), and oblique (59.9% versus 46.5%) substrates significantly more than males. On the other hand, males spend more time on large/very large (39.9% versus 22.3%) and horizontal (49.7% versus 35.2%) substrates. Whereas both sexes mainly sit (84.7%), and stand quadrupedally (9.1%), males stand quadrupedally (11.5% versus 8.3%), and bipedally (2.9% versus 0.8%) more often than females. Clamber, quadrupedalism, and leap/drop are the main locomotor modes for both sexes. populations never enter canopies of degenerated secondary forest and mainly use terminal branches in the middle and upper layers of canopies in intact mid-montane moist evergreen broadleaf forest and hemlock coniferous broadleaf mixed forests across their habitat.
对位置行为和树冠层利用的研究对于理解树栖动物如何使其形态特征和行为适应环境挑战至关重要。本研究探讨了成年滇金丝猴（中国西南部高黎贡山特有的极度濒危灵长类物种）的树冠层和基质利用情况以及位置行为。通过连续的焦点动物取样，我们在52个月的时间里收集了数据，发现滇金丝猴高度树栖，主要利用森林树冠层的高层（15 - 30米），以及树冠末端区域（52.9%）、中等基质（41.5%）和倾斜基质（56.8%）。我们还发现了在树冠层和基质利用方面的性别差异。雌性使用末端区域（56.7%对40.4%）、小/中（77.7%对60.1%）和倾斜（59.9%对46.5%）基质的比例明显高于雄性。另一方面，雄性在大/非常大（39.9%对22.3%）和水平（49.7%对35.2%）基质上花费的时间更多。虽然两性主要是坐着（84.7%）和四足站立（9.1%），但雄性四足站立（11.5%对8.3%）和两足站立（2.9%对0.8%）的频率比雌性更高。攀爬、四足行走和跳跃/跌落是两性主要的运动方式。滇金丝猴群体从不进入退化次生林的树冠层，主要利用其栖息地中完整的中山湿性常绿阔叶林和铁杉针叶阔叶混交林树冠层中、上层的末端树枝。
