Yang Yin, Groves Colin, Garber Paul, Wang Xinwen, Li Hen, Long Yongchen, Li Guangsong, Tian Yingping, Dong Shaohua, Yang Shiyi, Behie Alison, Xiao Wen
Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, 671003, Yunnan, China.
School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia.
Primates. 2019 Mar;60(2):143-153. doi: 10.1007/s10329-019-00717-0. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
Since its initial discovery in 2010 in the Gaoligong Mountains on the Sino-Myanmar border, there remains no direct information on the feeding habits of the black snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus strykeri). This species is on the verge of extinction, with an estimated remaining population of < 400 individuals. Due to difficulties in following these monkeys across steep mountainous terrain, during 203 observation days (September 2015-January 2017) we recorded 80 h of behavioral records of a wild population (Luoma group). Our preliminary results identified 14 plant species and four lichen species consumed by the monkeys. In addition, we provided the only two captive individuals of this species with a cafeteria diet composed of > 600 wild-collected plant species that were gathered from known R. strykeri habitats to determine which plant species and food items were considered palatable. Our results indicate that the captive monkeys freely consumed young and mature leaves, fruits/seeds, buds, flowers, twigs, and bark from 170 different species of trees, bushes, and herbs representing 76 genera and 41 plant families, as well as 15 species of lichen. All foods consumed by the wild monkeys were also consumed by the captive individuals. Food plants consumed by R. strykeri were found principally in intact subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests and hemlock-broadleaf mixed forests at an altitude of 2200-3000 m. Strict enforcement of habitat protection and access to resources across this elevation zone appear to be essential for the conservation and survivorship of this critically endangered primate.
自2010年在中缅边境的高黎贡山首次发现黑仰鼻猴（Rhinopithecus strykeri）以来，关于该物种的食性仍没有直接信息。此物种濒临灭绝，估计现存数量不足400只。由于在陡峭山地追踪这些猴子存在困难，在203个观察日（2015年9月至2017年1月）期间，我们记录了一个野生种群（落马群）80小时的行为记录。我们的初步结果确定了猴子食用的14种植物物种和4种地衣物种。此外，我们为该物种仅有的两只圈养个体提供了由从已知黑仰鼻猴栖息地采集的600多种野生植物组成的自助式食物，以确定哪些植物物种和食物被认为是可口的。我们的结果表明，圈养的猴子自由食用了来自170种不同树木、灌木和草本植物的幼叶和成熟叶、果实/种子、芽、花、嫩枝和树皮，这些植物代表76属和41个植物科，以及15种地衣。野生猴子食用的所有食物圈养个体也都食用。黑仰鼻猴食用的食物植物主要发现于海拔2200 - 3000米的完整亚热带常绿阔叶林和铁杉-阔叶混交林中。严格执行该海拔区域的栖息地保护和资源获取措施，对于这种极度濒危灵长类动物的保护和生存似乎至关重要。
