Piening Kurt, Piening Nicholas M, Chiou Andy
Department of Surgery, The University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA.
SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2022 Sep 8;10:2050313X221122451. doi: 10.1177/2050313X221122451. eCollection 2022.
Arterial dissections are a common cause of stroke in young patients. Dissection occurs when the structure of the arterial wall is compromised, allowing blood to collect between layers as an intramural hematoma. Symptoms of cervical artery dissection may include pain, Horner syndrome, cranial and cervical neuropathies, and pulsatile tinnitus. Treatment varies depending on the severity of symptoms but generally includes anticoagulation with surgical therapy reserved for patients with progressive neurologic symptoms or symptom recurrence while on maximum medical therapy. Here, we present the case of a traumatic internal carotid artery dissection with significant narrowing of the artery in a healthy 26-year-old female after self-manipulation of the neck. She developed Horner syndrome secondary to her dissection. Our patient was initially treated with anticoagulation and transitioned to clopidogrel and atorvastatin for outpatient treatment. Six-month follow-up computed tomography angiography showed complete resolution of her dissection. She had overall significant improvement in her symptoms with only mild residual ptosis on the follow-up examination. While the presentation of a patient with neurologic sequelae from a cervical artery dissection causing stroke is a well-known phenomenon, the mechanical cause in this particular case is rare. There have been several case reports in the literature detailing cervical artery dissections following cervical manipulative therapy by trained professionals (i.e. chiropractors, physical therapists, osteopathic physicians) but none occurring from self-manipulation of the neck. This case report details successful treatment of a rare case of internal carotid dissection following self-manipulation with appropriate medical therapy.
动脉夹层是年轻患者中风的常见原因。当动脉壁结构受损,使血液在层间积聚形成壁内血肿时,就会发生夹层。颈动脉夹层的症状可能包括疼痛、霍纳综合征、颅神经和颈神经病变以及搏动性耳鸣。治疗方法因症状严重程度而异,但一般包括抗凝治疗,对于在接受最大剂量药物治疗时出现进行性神经症状或症状复发的患者,则采用手术治疗。在此,我们报告一例健康的26岁女性在自行按摩颈部后发生创伤性颈内动脉夹层且动脉明显狭窄的病例。她因夹层出现了霍纳综合征。我们的患者最初接受了抗凝治疗,之后转为使用氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀进行门诊治疗。六个月后的计算机断层血管造影显示她的夹层完全消退。随访检查发现她的症状总体有显著改善,仅遗留轻度上睑下垂。虽然因颈动脉夹层导致中风并出现神经后遗症的患者表现是一种众所周知的现象,但该特殊病例的机械性病因却很罕见。文献中有几例病例报告详细描述了经过专业培训的人员(如脊椎按摩师、物理治疗师、整骨医生)进行颈部手法治疗后发生的颈动脉夹层,但没有一例是因自行按摩颈部导致的。本病例报告详细介绍了通过适当的药物治疗成功治愈一例罕见的自行按摩后颈内动脉夹层病例。