Xie Sha, Gong Chaohui, Lu Jiahao, Li Hui, Wu Dandan, Chi Xinli, Chang Chunqi
Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2022 Aug 25;16:961797. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.961797. eCollection 2022.
Mindfulness training has been found to enable cognitive and emotional awareness and diminish emotional distraction and cognitive rigidity. However, the existing intervention studies have largely focused on school children, adolescents, and adults, leaving young children unexplored. This study examined the influence of mindfulness training on young children using the one-group pretest-posttest design. Altogether 31 Chinese preschoolers ( = 67.03 months, SD = 4.25) enrolled in a 5-week, twice-per-week mindfulness training. Their cognitive shifting, inhibitory control, and working memory were examined using a battery of executive function tasks. And their brain activations in the region of interest during the tasks were measured using fNIRS before and after the intervention. Results showed that their cognitive shifting and working memory tasks performance significantly improved, and their activation in the DLPFC significantly changed. Implications for this study were also included.
正念训练已被发现能够促进认知和情绪意识，并减少情绪干扰和认知僵化。然而，现有的干预研究主要集中在学童、青少年和成年人身上，幼儿群体尚未得到探索。本研究采用单组前测-后测设计，考察了正念训练对幼儿的影响。共有31名中国学龄前儿童（平均年龄=67.03个月，标准差=4.25）参加了为期5周、每周两次的正念训练。使用一系列执行功能任务对他们的认知转换、抑制控制和工作记忆进行了测试。并在干预前后使用功能近红外光谱技术（fNIRS）测量了他们在任务过程中感兴趣区域的大脑激活情况。结果表明，他们在认知转换和工作记忆任务中的表现显著提高，并且他们在背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）的激活也发生了显著变化。本研究的意义也包括在内。
