Geng Chaofan, Yang Zhenzhen, Zhang Tingting, Xu Pengfei, Zhang Hongju
Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Neurol. 2022 Aug 25;13:961136. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.961136. eCollection 2022.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common sleep disorder. Polysomnographic (PSG) studies have been used to explore the night sleep characteristics of RLS, but their relationship with RLS has not been fully analyzed and researched.
We searched the Cochrane Library electronic literature, PubMed, and EMBASE databases to identify research literature comparing the differences in polysomnography between patients with RLS and healthy controls (HCs).
This review identified 26 studies for meta-analysis. Our research found that the rapid eye movement sleep (REM)%, sleep efficiency (SE)%, total sleep time (TST) min, and N2 were significantly decreased in patients with RLS compared with HCs, while sleep latency (SL) min, stage shifts (SS), awakenings number (AWN), wake time after sleep onset (WASO) min, N1%, rapid eye movement sleep latency (REML), and arousal index (AI) were significantly increased. Additionally, there was no significant difference among N3%, slow wave sleep (SWS)%, and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).
Our findings demonstrated that architecture and sleep continuity had been disturbed in patients with RLS, which further illustrates the changes in sleep structure in patients with RLS. In addition, further attention to the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of RLS and its association with neurodegenerative diseases is needed in future studies.
不安腿综合征（RLS）是一种常见的睡眠障碍。多导睡眠图（PSG）研究已被用于探索RLS患者的夜间睡眠特征，但其与RLS的关系尚未得到充分分析和研究。
我们检索了Cochrane图书馆电子文献、PubMed和EMBASE数据库，以确定比较RLS患者与健康对照（HCs）多导睡眠图差异的研究文献。
本综述确定了26项研究用于荟萃分析。我们的研究发现，与HCs相比，RLS患者的快速眼动睡眠（REM）%、睡眠效率（SE）%、总睡眠时间（TST）分钟和N2显著降低，而睡眠潜伏期（SL）分钟、睡眠阶段转换（SS）、觉醒次数（AWN）、睡眠开始后的觉醒时间（WASO）分钟、N1%、快速眼动睡眠潜伏期（REML）和觉醒指数（AI）显著增加。此外，N3%、慢波睡眠（SWS）%和呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）之间无显著差异。
我们的研究结果表明，RLS患者的睡眠结构和睡眠连续性受到干扰，这进一步说明了RLS患者睡眠结构的变化。此外，未来的研究需要进一步关注RLS的潜在病理生理机制及其与神经退行性疾病的关联。
