Gharaee Hojatolah, Dewey Rebecca Susan, Rezapour Ramin, Derakhshani Naser, Azami-Aghdash Saber
Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol. 2022 Sep 7;9:23333928221121306. doi: 10.1177/23333928221121306. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
Through designing a surveillance system, steps to policy making and designing measures needed to reduce the potential risks of environmental disasters on human health could be taken. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model for Environmental Disasters Diseases Surveillance System (EDDS) to monitor Adverse Health Effects (AHEs) of Environmental Disasters (AHEEDs).
As the first step, the literature review was conducted to identify the AHEEDs. Then, using the results of the first step and analyzing the existing documents, the AHEEDs were identified, and, based on the experts' opinions, high-priority effects were included in the EDDS. Then, using semi-structured interviews, 20 experts' views on the appropriate model of EDDS were investigated. To design the initial model, a panel of experts was formed with six participants. Finally, the Delphi technique was used for expert opinion and model finalization.
As a result of the literature review and document analysis, 41 hazards/diseases were identified. Finally, ten diseases were suggested to enter the EDDS. In the experts' view, it is better that communicable diseases be reported actively and urgently and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) actively and non-urgently. From the participants' point of view, the most significant achievements of the EDDS can be organizational and managerial, health promotion, and economic achievements.
Developing a dedicated EDDS for AHEEDs can be very helpful for better management of these effects. To this end, the model proposed in this study can serve as a guide for national and local policymakers to implement surveillance systems for AHEEDs.
通过设计一个监测系统，可以采取政策制定步骤并设计所需措施，以降低环境灾害对人类健康的潜在风险。因此，本研究旨在开发一种环境灾害疾病监测系统（EDDS）模型，以监测环境灾害的不良健康影响（AHEs）。
第一步，进行文献综述以确定环境灾害的不良健康影响。然后，利用第一步的结果并分析现有文件，确定环境灾害的不良健康影响，并根据专家意见，将高优先级影响纳入EDDS。接着，通过半结构化访谈，调查了20位专家对EDDS适当模型的看法。为设计初始模型，组建了一个由六名参与者组成的专家小组。最后，使用德尔菲技术征求专家意见并确定模型。
通过文献综述和文件分析，确定了41种危害/疾病。最后，建议将10种疾病纳入EDDS。专家认为，传染病应积极且紧急报告，非传染病应积极但非紧急报告。从参与者的角度来看，EDDS最显著的成果可能是组织管理、健康促进和经济方面的成果。
为环境灾害的不良健康影响开发一个专门的EDDS对更好地管理这些影响非常有帮助。为此，本研究提出的模型可为国家和地方政策制定者实施环境灾害不良健康影响监测系统提供指导。
