State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2022 Dec;61:108033. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108033. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
Carotenoids are natural pigments that widely exist in nature. Due to their excellent antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties, carotenoids are commonly used in food, medicine, cosmetic and other fields. At present, natural carotenoids are mainly extracted from plants, algae and microorganisms. With the rapid development of metabolic engineering and molecular biology as well as the continuous in-depth study of carotenoids synthesis pathways, industrial microorganisms have showed promising applications in the synthesis of carotenoids. In this review, we introduced the properties of several carotenoids and their biosynthetic metabolism process. Then, the microorganisms synthesizing carotenoids through the natural and non-natural pathways and the extraction methods of carotenoids were summarized and compared. Meanwhile, the influence of substrates on the carotenoids production was also listed. The methods and strategies for achieving high carotenoid production are categorized to help with future research.
类胡萝卜素是广泛存在于自然界中的天然色素。由于其具有优异的抗氧化、抗癌和抗炎特性，类胡萝卜素在食品、医药、化妆品等领域得到了广泛应用。目前，天然类胡萝卜素主要从植物、藻类和微生物中提取。随着代谢工程和分子生物学的飞速发展以及对类胡萝卜素合成途径的不断深入研究，工业微生物在类胡萝卜素的合成中表现出了广阔的应用前景。本综述介绍了几种类胡萝卜素的性质及其生物合成代谢过程。然后，对通过天然和非天然途径合成类胡萝卜素的微生物以及类胡萝卜素的提取方法进行了总结和比较。同时，还列出了底物对类胡萝卜素生产的影响。对实现高类胡萝卜素生产的方法和策略进行了分类，以帮助未来的研究。
