Jung Cholomi, Oh Jee Eun, Lee Sangho, Yoon Young-Sup
Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Korean Circ J. 2022 Sep;52(9):643-658. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2022.0190.
Cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising option for treating advanced ischemic cardiovascular disease by inducing vascular regeneration. However, clinical trials with adult cells turned out disappointing in general. As a newer approach, direct reprogramming has emerged to efficiently generate endothelial cells (ECs), which can promote neovascularization and vascular regeneration. This review provides recent updates on the direct endothelial reprogramming. In general, directly reprogrammed ECs can be generated by two approaches: one by transitioning through a plastic intermediate state and the other in a one-step transition without any intermediate states toward pluripotency. Moreover, the methods to deliver reprogramming factors and chemicals for the fate conversion are highlighted. Next, the therapeutic effects of the directly reprogrammed ECs on animal models are reviewed in detail. Other applications using directly reprogrammed ECs, such as tissue engineering and disease modeling, are also discussed. Lastly, the remaining questions and foremost challenges are addressed.
基于细胞的疗法已成为通过诱导血管再生来治疗晚期缺血性心血管疾病的一种有前景的选择。然而，一般来说，使用成体细胞的临床试验结果令人失望。作为一种更新的方法，直接重编程已出现，可有效生成内皮细胞（ECs），其能够促进新血管形成和血管再生。本综述提供了关于直接内皮重编程的最新进展。一般而言，直接重编程的内皮细胞可通过两种方法生成：一种是通过过渡到可塑性中间状态，另一种是在不经过任何向多能性的中间状态的一步转变中生成。此外，还强调了用于命运转换的重编程因子和化学物质的递送方法。接下来，详细综述了直接重编程的内皮细胞在动物模型上的治疗效果。还讨论了使用直接重编程的内皮细胞的其他应用，如组织工程和疾病建模。最后，阐述了尚存的问题和首要挑战。
