Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jun;25(7):627-636. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.627.636.
<b>Background and Objective:</b> The wheat crop is considered one of the most important crops globally, especially in Egypt. It has great nutritional importance, so it was necessary to increase productivity and any genetic improvement depends on the presence of many genetic differences so that breeders can achieve this. This study aimed to use chemical mutagenic (sodium azide) to obtain the desired genetic differences in two wheat cultivars. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Two types of bread Sids 12 and Giza 164 were treated with different concentrations of sodium azide (NaN<sub>3</sub>) (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 and 6000 ppm). <b>Results:</b> The highest grain/plant 78.91 g was obtained from Sis12 and 62.96 g from Giza 164 compared to the control 42.57 and 40.24 g for Sids 12 and Giza 164, respectively. Also from the results obtained, the relationship of yield was positive and significant with both grain/spike, spikelet's no./spike spikes no./plant and height/plant. On the contrary, it was negative and significant with a 1000-grain weight (-0.433). <b>Conclusion:</b> The two treatments (1000 and 2000 ppm) were the best in the Sids 12, while (1000 and 5000 ppm) were the best treatments in the Giza 164.
<b>背景与目的：</b>小麦是全球最重要的作物之一，在埃及尤其如此。它具有重要的营养价值，因此必须提高生产力，而任何遗传改良都依赖于存在许多遗传差异，以便育种者能够实现这一目标。本研究旨在使用化学诱变剂（叠氮化钠）在两种小麦品种中获得所需的遗传差异。<b>材料与方法：</b>用不同浓度的叠氮化钠（NaN<sub>3</sub>）（1000、2000、3000、4000、5000 和 6000 ppm）处理两种面包小麦品种 Sids 12 和 Giza 164。<b>结果：</b>与对照相比，Sids 12 的最高单株粒重/株为 78.91g，Giza 164 的最高单株粒重/株为 62.96g，而 Sids 12 和 Giza 164 的对照分别为 42.57g 和 40.24g。此外，从获得的结果来看，产量与每穗粒数、小穗数/穗数和株高/株呈正相关且显著，与千粒重呈负相关且显著（-0.433）。<b>结论：</b>在 Sids 12 中，两种处理（1000 和 2000 ppm）效果最好，而在 Giza 164 中，最佳处理是（1000 和 5000 ppm）。
