Zhang Jufen, Hayden Karen, Jackson Ruth, Schutte Rudolph
Medical School, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2020 Dec 11;2:100065. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100065. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Previous studies suggest that changes in body weight can lead to an increased risk of mortality in the general population, although the results are controversial. The current study sought to investigate this association further using data from the UK Biobank.
This is a large prospective population-based cohort study. Data were derived from the UK Biobank, with the initial assessments commencing between 2006 and 2010.
Proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between self-reported weight change and risk of all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality. The effect of gender was also investigated.
Of 433,829 participants with data for self-reported weight change, the mean age was 56 (standard deviation [SD]: 8.1) years and 55% were female. In total, 55% of participants reported no weight change, 28% gained weight, 15% lost weight, 2% did not know and 0.1% preferred not to give an answer. The median follow-up was 7.1 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.4-7.8) years. Compared with participants with no weight change, those with weight loss had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.25, 95% confident interval [CI] 1.18-1.32), cancer death (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.27) and cardiovascular death (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.12-1.43). Similarly, participants reporting weight gain also had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.13), cancer death (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.22) and cardiovascular death (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.14-1.42). Participants who had a response 'do not know' or 'prefer not to answer' showed an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, particularly in men.
The results of this study highlight the importance of maintaining a stable weight in middle-aged adults. Further studies are needed to understand the pathophysiology of weight change and its effects on mortality.
既往研究表明，体重变化可能会增加普通人群的死亡风险，尽管结果存在争议。本研究旨在利用英国生物银行的数据进一步调查这种关联。
这是一项基于人群的大型前瞻性队列研究。数据来源于英国生物银行，初始评估于2006年至2010年期间开始。
采用比例风险模型评估自我报告的体重变化与全因、癌症和心血管疾病死亡率风险之间的关联。还调查了性别的影响。
在433829名有自我报告体重变化数据的参与者中，平均年龄为56岁（标准差[SD]：8.1），55%为女性。总体而言，55%的参与者报告体重无变化，28%体重增加，15%体重减轻，2%表示不知道，0.1%不愿回答。中位随访时间为7.1年（四分位间距[IQR]：6.4 - 7.8）。与体重无变化的参与者相比，体重减轻的参与者全因死亡风险增加（调整后风险比[HR]1.25，95%置信区间[CI]1.18 - 1.32）、癌症死亡风险增加（HR 1.17，95%CI 1.08 - 1.27）和心血管疾病死亡风险增加（HR 1.26，95%CI 1.12 - 1.43）。同样，报告体重增加的参与者全因死亡风险也增加（HR 1.08，95%CI 1.02 - 1.13）、癌症死亡风险增加（HR 1.14，95%CI 1.07 - 1.22）和心血管疾病死亡风险增加（HR 1.27，95%CI 1.14 - 1.42）。回答“不知道”或“不愿回答”的参与者全因和心血管疾病死亡风险增加，尤其是男性。
本研究结果强调了中年成年人保持体重稳定的重要性。需要进一步研究以了解体重变化的病理生理学及其对死亡率的影响。
