非政府组织对真实世界评估的挑战和机遇的看法：一项定性研究。
NGO perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for real-world evaluation: a qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Independent Consultant, Washington, DC, USA.
出版信息
Glob Health Action. 2022 Dec 31;15(1):2088083. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2088083.
BACKGROUND
The move towards robust monitoring and evaluation (M&E) has been increasing in global health, motivated by both an accountability agenda and to increase learning from M&E activities. Many international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) receive funding from one or more large institutional donors.
OBJECTIVE
To understand NGOs' perspective on their own role in terms of accountability to both donors and the populations they serve.
METHODS
We conducted a series of in-depth interviews with M&E staff in 11 NGOs with projects related to maternal and child health to better understand how M&E is being implemented in these organizations. We then examined the data based on identified themes.
RESULTS
We found that despite flexibility from some donors, rigid reporting structures remain a barrier for NGOs to fully communicate the impact of their projects. While NGOs do utilize M&E findings, their use is limited by low staff capacity. The primary audience for the results remains the donor agency, and the primary motivation for M&E remains donor reporting. Reporting remains a burdensome affair, with ongoing limitations around streamlining results for donors. To reduce the burden of reporting for individual projects, the participants in our study suggested placing greater emphasis on process evaluations rather than impact evaluations. Participants also suggested increased data sharing between organizations working in the same regions and making better use of secondary data sources; in both cases to reduce the need for primary data collection.
CONCLUSION
We carried out this work to advance the conversation on how NGOs currently manage their M&E - a conversation which should involve NGOs, donors, local health system actors, and the communities with whom they work. More flexibility from donors, increased use of technology, and more transparency on if and how data is being used would help NGOs with their M&E process.
背景
全球卫生领域对强大的监测和评估（M&E）的需求不断增加，这既是问责制议程的推动，也是为了增加从 M&E 活动中学习的动力。许多国际非政府组织（NGO）从一个或多个大型机构捐助者那里获得资金。
目的
了解 NGO 自身在向捐助者和服务对象负责方面的作用。
方法
我们对 11 个与母婴健康相关项目有关的 NGO 的 M&E 工作人员进行了一系列深入访谈，以更好地了解这些组织中 M&E 的实施情况。然后，我们根据确定的主题检查了数据。
结果
我们发现，尽管一些捐助者具有灵活性，但僵化的报告结构仍然是 NGO 充分沟通其项目影响的障碍。尽管 NGO 确实利用了 M&E 的结果，但由于员工能力有限，其利用程度受到限制。结果的主要受众仍然是捐助机构，而 M&E 的主要动机仍然是捐助者报告。报告仍然是一件繁琐的事情，在为捐助者简化结果方面仍然存在持续的限制。为了减少单个项目报告的负担，我们研究中的参与者建议更加重视过程评估而不是影响评估。参与者还建议增加在同一地区工作的组织之间的数据共享，并更好地利用二手数据源；在这两种情况下，都可以减少对原始数据收集的需求。
结论
我们开展这项工作是为了推进关于 NGO 目前如何管理其 M&E 的对话——这一对话应该包括 NGO、捐助者、当地卫生系统行为者以及他们与之合作的社区。捐助者更加灵活、更多地使用技术以及提高数据使用的透明度，将有助于 NGO 进行 M&E 流程。
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