Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
CCARM, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
J Anim Sci. 2022 Nov 1;100(11). doi: 10.1093/jas/skac306.
Feed is the most expensive facet of commercial pork production. In order to reduce feed costs, using high-fiber ingredients has become a common practice. Moderate levels of fiber can maintain intestinal physiological function and promote intestinal health. Oxidative stress is linked to impaired nutrient absorption and growth performance. This study investigated the effects of high-fiber (5.26% crude fiber) and low-fiber (2.46% crude fiber) diets on growth performance and intestinal oxidative stress parameters in growing-finishing pigs. Forty growing pigs with initial body weight (27.07 ± 1.26 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups with 10 replicates of 2 pigs per pen. Pigs were weighed on day 35, 42, and 70. The feed intake was recorded daily to calculate growth performance parameters. On day 70, eight pigs in each treatment group were randomly selected and euthanized to obtain jejunum to measure oxidative stress status. Pigs fed a high-fiber diet were heavier than those fed a low-fiber diet on days 35, 42, and 70 (P < 0.05). During the whole feeding period, pigs fed a high-fiber diet had a higher average daily gain than those fed a low-fiber diet (P < 0.05). The low-fiber diet resulted in increased levels of malondialdehyde (P < 0.05) in the jejunum, suggesting that the low-fiber diet contributed to oxidative stress in the jejunum. The low-fiber diet also led to a significant increase in glutathione and oxidized glutathione levels (P < 0.05) in the jejunum, indicating that pigs fed a low-fiber diet needed to produce more antioxidant substances to cope with oxidative stress in the intestine. This was accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of glutathione synthesizing enzymes in the jejunum of the low-fiber group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the high-fiber diet can improve growth performance and maintain intestinal health in growing-finishing pigs by reducing intestinal oxidative stress.
饲料是商业养猪中最昂贵的方面。为了降低饲料成本，使用高纤维成分已成为一种常见做法。适量的纤维可以维持肠道的生理功能并促进肠道健康。氧化应激与营养物质吸收和生长性能受损有关。本研究旨在探讨高纤维（5.26%粗纤维）和低纤维（2.46%粗纤维）日粮对生长育肥猪生长性能和肠道氧化应激参数的影响。将 40 头初始体重（27.07±1.26kg）为 27.07±1.26kg 的生长猪随机分为 2 个处理组，每组 10 个重复，每个重复 2 头猪。猪在第 35、42 和 70 天进行称重。每天记录饲料摄入量以计算生长性能参数。在第 70 天，每个处理组随机选择 8 头猪进行安乐死，以获得空肠来测量氧化应激状态。饲喂高纤维日粮的猪在第 35、42 和 70 天的体重均高于饲喂低纤维日粮的猪（P<0.05）。在整个饲养期间，饲喂高纤维日粮的猪的平均日增重高于饲喂低纤维日粮的猪（P<0.05）。低纤维日粮导致空肠丙二醛水平升高（P<0.05），提示低纤维日粮导致空肠氧化应激。低纤维日粮还导致空肠谷胱甘肽和氧化谷胱甘肽水平显著升高（P<0.05），表明饲喂低纤维日粮的猪需要产生更多的抗氧化物质来应对肠道氧化应激。这伴随着低纤维组空肠谷胱甘肽合成酶表达显著增加（P<0.05）。这些结果表明，高纤维日粮通过降低肠道氧化应激来提高生长育肥猪的生长性能并维持肠道健康。
