Schultz R J, Storace A, Krishnamurthy S
Int Orthop. 1987;11(2):149-55. doi: 10.1007/BF00266701.
A three stage study of the metacarpophalangeal joint was performed. First, a triaxial goniometer was designed which allowed direct measurement of joint motion in living and cadaveric hands. Then, based on the above data, a computer simulated model of the joint was developed. This permitted an analysis of the orientation of the joint for any given point in the axis of motion, the effects of the collateral ligaments and their contribution to joint motion and stability. Finally the metacarpal head was analysed using a shadow profilometer and anatomical dissections. From 0 degree to 70 degrees, the metacarpal head demonstrated a curved configuration. At approximately 70 degrees, the metacarpal head assumed a bicondylar shape which produced a bony block to lateral deviation. Dissection of the collateral ligaments demonstrated that they ran diagonally from the metacarpal head to the proximal phalanx. We conclude that the metacarpophalangeal joint has an instant axis. From 0 degree to 70 degrees of flexion, in any given hand, the angle of lateral deviation is constant. Beyond 70 degrees there is a marked decrease in lateral deviation. The joint has two degrees of freedom and the collateral ligament is taut in all positions.
对手掌指关节进行了三个阶段的研究。首先，设计了一种三轴测角仪，可直接测量活体和尸体手部的关节运动。然后，基于上述数据，开发了该关节的计算机模拟模型。这使得能够分析关节在运动轴上任何给定位置的方向、侧副韧带的作用及其对关节运动和稳定性的贡献。最后，使用阴影轮廓仪和解剖学方法对掌骨头进行了分析。从0度到70度，掌骨头呈弯曲形态。在大约70度时，掌骨头呈现双髁形状，这对侧向偏斜形成了一个骨阻挡。对侧副韧带的解剖显示，它们从掌骨头斜向延伸至近节指骨。我们得出结论，掌指关节有一个瞬时轴。在0度至70度的屈曲范围内，在任何给定的手部中，侧向偏斜角度是恒定的。超过70度后，侧向偏斜明显减小。该关节有两个自由度，并且侧副韧带在所有位置均处于紧张状态。
