State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University.
Chongqing Haifu Medical Technology Co. Ltd.
J Atheroscler Thromb. 2023 Jun 1;30(6):684-697. doi: 10.5551/jat.63695. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
Vascular endothelial function and atherosclerosis are known to be important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unknown whether remnant cholesterol (RC) correlates with vascular endothelial function and atherosclerosis as represented by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate this in the general population.
In this study, we examined 13,237 subjects who have undergone blood lipid, FMD, and baPWV measurements. Participants were divided into four groups based on RC quartiles. Multivariable linear regression models were used to calculate odds ratios for FMD and baPWV according to the RC levels.
A significant negative relationship was found between RC and FMD (β=-0.14, p=0.014), whereas RC was positively associated with baPWV (β=21.42, p＜0.001), especially in the male and without chronic disease medication populations. The population was divided into three groups according to their lipids: dyslipidemia group, nondyslipidemia but RC increased group (RC ＞0.78 mmol/L), and nondyslipidemia and RC normal group (RC ≤ 0.78 mmol/L). The FMD of the three groups was 7.09%±3.36%, 7.39%±3.38%, and 7.57%±3.54%, respectively. The baPWV of the three groups was 1445.26±261.56 cm/s, 1425.04±265.24 cm/s, and 1382.73±267.75 cm/s. Significant differences were noted between the groups.
The findings indicated that a higher RC was an independent predictive factor for participants with endothelial function and atherosclerosis. It is important to use RC as a risk management indicator of vascular function, especially for those with normal conventional lipid parameters but increased RC.
血管内皮功能和动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病的重要危险因素。然而，残胆固醇（RC）是否与血管内皮功能和动脉粥样硬化（以血流介导的血管扩张（FMD）和肱踝脉搏波速度（baPWV）表示）相关，目前尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨普通人群中这两者的相关性。
本研究共纳入了 13237 例接受血脂、FMD 和 baPWV 检测的受试者。根据 RC 四分位值将参与者分为四组。采用多变量线性回归模型计算 RC 水平与 FMD 和 baPWV 的比值比。
RC 与 FMD 呈显著负相关（β=-0.14，p=0.014），而 RC 与 baPWV 呈正相关（β=21.42，p＜0.001），这种相关性在男性和无慢性病药物治疗的人群中更为明显。根据血脂情况，将人群分为三组：血脂异常组、RC 升高但非血脂异常组（RC＞0.78mmol/L）和血脂正常且 RC 正常组（RC≤0.78mmol/L）。三组的 FMD 分别为 7.09%±3.36%、7.39%±3.38%和 7.57%±3.54%，baPWV 分别为 1445.26±261.56cm/s、1425.04±265.24cm/s 和 1382.73±267.75cm/s。三组间差异有统计学意义。
研究结果表明，较高的 RC 是参与者内皮功能和动脉粥样硬化的独立预测因素。将 RC 作为血管功能的风险管理指标非常重要，尤其是对于那些常规血脂参数正常但 RC 升高的患者。
