Akcan Buket, Örem Asim, Altinkaynak Yahya, Kural Birgül, Örem Cihan, Sönmez Mehmet, Serafini Mauro
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Front Nutr. 2022 Feb 14;9:822131. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.822131. eCollection 2022.
Due to the frequency of meal ingestion, individuals spend the majority of the day, ~18 h, in a status of post-prandial (PP) stress. Remnant-like lipoprotein particles (RLPs) are predominant in PP phase playing an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been suggested to play a role in vessel wall homeostasis and in reducing atherosclerosis. However, there is no information about peripheral blood EPCs number following PP stress. We investigated the association between circulating EPCs levels and extent of PP lipemia in healthy subjects following a high-fat meal.
A total of 84 healthy subjects (42 men, 42 women) aged 17-55 years were included in the study. PP lipemic response of subjects was determined by Oral Fat-Loading Test (OFLT). All the subjects were classified on the basis of their plasma TG levels after PP lipemic stressors in categories 1 (low), 2 (moderate), and 3 (high). Circulating EPCs numbers were measured by the flow cytometry method.
There was a significant difference in terms of lipid parameters between men and women: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in men than in women ( < 0.001). Total cholesterol (TC) ( = 0.004), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) ( < 0.001), and TG-AUC ( < 0.001) were significantly higher in men than in women. There was no significant difference between the genders in terms of CD34KDR and CD34KDRCD133cell number and MMP-9 levels. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were significantly higher in men than women ( = 0.004). TC, LDL-C, and TG were significantly higher in the 3rd category than 1st and 2nd categories ( < 0.001) in women. Age, body mass index (BMI), fat rate, TG, TC, and LDL-C were significantly higher in the 3rd category than 1st category ( < 0.001, = 0.002, = 0.002, = 0.01, = 0.007, = 0.004; respectively), in men. Circulating numbers of EPCs in men were significantly higher in the PP hyperlipidemia group than in the low TG levels category, independently from age ( < 0.05). Circulating EPC levels showed a positive correlation with OFLT response in men ( = 0.414, < 0.05). Also, OFLT response showed a strong positive correlation with fasting TG levels ( = 0.930, < 0.001). EPC levels in categories of women were not different.
Increased EPCs levels in subjects with different PP hyperlipidemia may be associated with a response to endothelial injury, related to increased atherogenic remnant particles at the PP phase.
由于进食频率，个体一天中大部分时间（约18小时）处于餐后（PP）应激状态。残余样脂蛋白颗粒（RLP）在餐后阶段占主导地位，在动脉粥样硬化的发展中起重要作用。内皮祖细胞（EPC）被认为在血管壁稳态维持及减轻动脉粥样硬化方面发挥作用。然而，关于餐后应激后外周血EPC数量尚无相关信息。我们研究了高脂餐后健康受试者循环EPC水平与餐后脂血症程度之间的关联。
本研究共纳入84名年龄在17 - 55岁的健康受试者（42名男性，42名女性）。通过口服脂肪负荷试验（OFLT）测定受试者的餐后脂血症反应。所有受试者根据餐后脂血症应激后血浆甘油三酯（TG）水平分为1类（低）、2类（中度）和3类（高）。采用流式细胞术测定循环EPC数量。
男性和女性在血脂参数方面存在显著差异：男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）显著低于女性（<0.001）。男性总胆固醇（TC）（=0.004）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - C）（<0.001）、甘油三酯（TG）（<0.001）和TG曲线下面积（TG - AUC）（<0.001）均显著高于女性。在CD34KDR和CD34KDRCD133细胞数量及基质金属蛋白酶 - 9（MMP - 9）水平方面，两性之间无显著差异。男性血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平显著高于女性（=0.004）。女性第3类中的TC、LDL - C和TG显著高于第1类和第2类（<0.001）。男性第3类中的年龄、体重指数（BMI）、脂肪率、TG、TC和LDL - C显著高于第1类（分别为<0.001、=0.002、=0.002、=0.01、=0.007、=0.004）。男性餐后高脂血症组循环EPC数量显著高于低TG水平组，与年龄无关（<0.05）。男性循环EPC水平与OFLT反应呈正相关（=0.414，<0.05）。此外，OFLT反应与空腹TG水平呈强正相关（=0.930，<0.001）。女性各分类中的EPC水平无差异。
不同餐后高脂血症受试者中EPC水平升高可能与对内皮损伤的反应有关，这与餐后阶段致动脉粥样硬化的残余颗粒增加有关。
