Wilson Rory P, Reynolds Samantha D, Potts Jonathan R, Redcliffe James, Holton Mark, Buxton Abi, Rose Kayleigh, Norman Bradley M
Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4065, Australia.
iScience. 2022 Aug 24;25(9):105008. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105008. eCollection 2022 Sep 16.
Travel represents a major cost for many animals so there should be selection pressure for it to be efficient - at minimum cost. However, animals sometimes exceed minimum travel costs for reasons that must be correspondingly important. We use Dynamic Body Acceleration (DBA), an acceleration-based metric, as a proxy for movement-based power, in tandem with vertical velocity (rate of change in depth) in a shark () to derive the minimum estimated power required to swim at defined vertical velocities. We show how subtraction of measured DBA from the estimated minimum power for any given vertical velocity provides a "proxy for power above minimum" metric (PPA), highlighting when these animals travel above minimum power. We suggest that the adoption of this metric across species has value in identifying where and when animals are subject to compelling conditions that lead them to deviate from ostensibly judicious energy expenditure.
对于许多动物来说，迁徙是一项巨大的成本，因此应该存在选择压力，促使其以最低成本实现高效迁徙。然而，动物有时会超出最低迁徙成本，其原因必然也相当重要。我们使用动态身体加速度（DBA），一种基于加速度的指标，作为基于运动的功率的替代指标，并结合鲨鱼的垂直速度（深度变化率），来推导在规定垂直速度下游泳所需的最低估计功率。我们展示了如何从任何给定垂直速度下的估计最低功率中减去测量得到的DBA，从而得出一个“高于最低功率的功率替代指标”（PPA），突出显示这些动物何时以高于最低功率的状态迁徙。我们认为，在不同物种中采用这一指标，对于确定动物在何处以及何时受到迫使它们偏离表面上明智的能量消耗的紧迫条件具有价值。
