Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Association française de pédiatrie ambulatoire, 30, rue Émile-Zola, 45000 Orléans, France.
Cabinet de pédiatrie, 4, rue du puits Descarsses, 30190 Brignon, France; Association française de pédiatrie ambulatoire, 30, rue Émile-Zola, 45000 Orléans, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2022 Oct;29(7):516-525. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.08.012. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
Baby-led weaning (BLW), proposed as a new form of complementary feeding, has emerged as a real trend phenomenon in the media. Infants are seated at the family table from the age of 6 months, facing the foods they grab and bring to their mouth: they decide which foods they want to eat and what amount. The consumption of mashed foods and the use of a spoon are totally discouraged. BLW is increasingly used in nurseries and centers of young children. A bibliographic search carried out between 2000 and 2021 found 423 articles, of which 38 were selected. The clinical studies selected are 11 cross-sectional observational studies and two randomized controlled studies. BLW promotes breastfeeding, the early introduction of morsels, the respect of the child's appetite, the use of unprocessed foods, and the choice of "homemade" and friendliness. These benefits can nonetheless be reached with usual complementary feeding (SCF), according to current recommendations. Other benefits are claimed without scientific evidence such as easier achievement of dietary complementary feeding and an optimal growth with prevention of excess weight gain. BLW has some obvious downsides. The infant may not get enough energy, iron, zinc, vitamins, and other nutrients, or too much protein, saturated fat, salt, or sugar. The risk of choking, which must be distinguished from the physiological gagging reflex, has not been ruled out by scientific studies. Currently, the Nutrition Committee of the French Pediatric Society considers that the data published to date in terms of benefits and risks of BLW do not lend themselves to advice for this practice in preference over SCF carried out according to current recommendations.
婴儿主导的离乳（BLW），作为一种新的补充喂养形式，已经在媒体上成为一种真正的潮流现象。婴儿从 6 个月大开始坐在家庭餐桌旁，面对他们抓起来并送到嘴里的食物：他们决定想吃什么食物以及吃多少。完全不鼓励食用泥状食物和使用勺子。BLW 越来越多地在托儿所和幼儿中心使用。在 2000 年至 2021 年期间进行的文献检索发现了 423 篇文章，其中选择了 38 篇。所选的临床研究包括 11 项横断面观察性研究和 2 项随机对照研究。BLW 促进母乳喂养、早期引入小块食物、尊重儿童的食欲、使用未加工的食物以及选择“自制”和友善。根据当前的建议，这些好处也可以通过通常的补充喂养（SCF）来实现。其他好处是没有科学证据支持的，例如更容易实现饮食补充喂养和预防超重的最佳生长。BLW 有一些明显的缺点。婴儿可能无法获得足够的能量、铁、锌、维生素和其他营养素，或者摄入过多的蛋白质、饱和脂肪、盐或糖。窒息的风险，必须与生理的呛咳反射区分开来，尚未被科学研究排除。目前，法国儿科学会营养委员会认为，迄今为止关于 BLW 的益处和风险的公布数据不适合建议采用这种做法，而建议根据当前建议进行 SCF。
