Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Hospital Management and Clinical Services Excellence, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
Ital J Pediatr. 2022 Sep 15;48(1):174. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01368-6.
Pregnant women are one of the most vulnerable groups in the Covid-19 pandemic. Due to the lack of knowledge about fetal and perinatal complications following Covid-19 infection, the association of Covid-19 pandemic and congenital anomalies in babies conceived and born during this pandemic is unclear. Current study aimed to investigate the association between the Covid-19 pandemic and congenital birth anomalies in Iran. The population of newborns whose embryonic period coincided with the Covid-19 crises were compared with a similar group born during the pre-Covid-19 period.
This is a retrospective comparative analysis of congenital birth anomalies in Iran; desired data was extracted from national birth registry database. All registered congenital anomalies in hospital births were compared between two time periods: During Covid-19 (1st November 2020- 28th February 2021) and Before Covid-19 (1st November 2019-29th February 2020). Incidence of congenital anomalies at birth were compared and analyzed between these two time periods.
The incidence of congenital birth anomalies are significantly increased during Covid-19 pandemic compared with before Covid-19 (P value < 0.00001). The number of all types of anomalies has increased in the current pandemic, but the congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (P value = 0.04) and Genitourinary (P value = 0.03) have a larger contribution than before.
Covid-19 pandemic are associated with congenital anomalies at birth. There are several factors in the Covid-19 pandemic which can affect fetal development in the first trimester of pregnancy. Possible reasons include vertical transmission of Covid-19 infection; maternal fever, stress and anxiety; insufficient preconception and prenatal care; neglect of fetal screening; and poverty imposed by this pandemic.
孕妇是 COVID-19 大流行期间最脆弱的群体之一。由于缺乏关于 COVID-19 感染后胎儿和围产期并发症的知识，因此尚不清楚 COVID-19 大流行与在此期间受孕和出生的婴儿先天性异常之间的关联。本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行与伊朗先天性出生缺陷之间的关系。将胚胎期与 COVID-19 危机同时发生的新生儿人群与 COVID-19 之前同期出生的类似人群进行比较。
这是伊朗先天性出生缺陷的回顾性比较分析；从国家出生登记数据库中提取所需数据。在两个时期比较了医院出生的所有登记的先天性异常：COVID-19 期间（2020 年 11 月 1 日至 2021 年 2 月 28 日）和 COVID-19 之前（2019 年 11 月 1 日至 2020 年 2 月 29 日）。比较并分析了这两个时期出生时先天性异常的发生率。
与 COVID-19 之前相比，COVID-19 大流行期间先天性出生缺陷的发生率显着增加（P 值<0.00001）。当前大流行中所有类型的异常数量都有所增加，但中枢神经系统（P 值=0.04）和泌尿生殖系统（P 值=0.03）的先天性异常比以前的贡献更大。
COVID-19 大流行与出生时的先天性异常有关。在 COVID-19 大流行中有几个因素可能会影响妊娠早期胎儿的发育。可能的原因包括 COVID-19 感染的垂直传播；母亲发热、压力和焦虑；孕前和产前保健不足；忽视胎儿筛查；以及大流行带来的贫困。
