Alkhalaf Majid M, Bookari Khlood A, Arrish Jamila, Fallata Ghadir A, Alhumaidan Omar A, Alakeel Shihana A, AlBuayjan Norah A, Alkhunein Sarah M, Bin Obaydan Budur M, Alshaya Aeshah A
Nutrition, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, SAU.
Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Aug 11;14(8):e27878. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27878. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Background The coronavirus pandemic has forced worldwide closures, especially of restaurants closed, which partly contributed to people all over the world changing the way they choose and prepare foods. Objective The objective of this study was to compare changes in behavioral food literacy (planning, selecting, and preparing food) and food consumption before and during the COVID-19 crisis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Design This was a cross-sectional study, with data from an online survey made in UAntwerpen Qualtrics Accounts and collected from April-June 2020. The study was part of the International Corona Cooking Survey. Results There were 2788 respondents (83%, n = 2323 females) who reported that the COVID-19 home lockdown had positively affected all their behavioral food literacy components (all p<0.05) except feeling confident about cooking a variety of healthy meals in which the difference was not significant (p>0.05); however, its impact on their food consumption was varied. There was a noticeable positive increase in fruit intake (Z= -3.330, p=0.001) and a noticeable positive decrease in processed meat (Z= -11.375, p<0.001) and sweetened drinks consumption (Z= -2.403, p<0.05). There were simultaneously noticeable adverse effects represented in the reduction in the consumption of the vegetable group (Z= -3.447, p=0.001) and an increase in sweets consumption (Z= -2.268, p<0.05). However, the overall impacts of these changes as measured by the Hedges' g measure indicated a small effect (Hedges' g = 0.04, 95% CI (-0.07, -0.16)). Discussion and conclusions Even though the pandemic may have created a sense of responsibility for one's health and increased people's nutritional awareness, the Saudi population may be still a long way from having healthy eating habits. Public health campaigns need to increase the population's level of nutritional awareness, educate them about the meaning of healthy eating, and how they can achieve that by advocating the national dietary guidelines and providing reliable and accurate information by authorized official bodies.
冠状病毒大流行迫使全球范围内的场所关闭，尤其是餐厅关闭，这在一定程度上促使世界各地的人们改变了选择和准备食物的方式。
本研究的目的是比较沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）在新冠疫情危机之前和期间行为性食物素养（规划、选择和准备食物）以及食物消费的变化。
这是一项横断面研究，数据来自于在安特卫普大学Qualtrics账户上进行的在线调查，于2020年4月至6月收集。该研究是国际新冠烹饪调查的一部分。
有2788名受访者（83%，n = 2323名女性）报告称，新冠疫情期间居家封锁对其所有行为性食物素养组成部分都产生了积极影响（所有p<0.05），除了对烹饪各种健康膳食有信心这一项，其差异不显著（p>0.05）；然而，其对食物消费的影响各不相同。水果摄入量有明显的正向增加（Z = -3.330，p = 0.001），加工肉类（Z = -11.375，p<0.001）和含糖饮料消费量有明显的正向减少（Z = -2.403，p<0.05）。同时，蔬菜类消费量减少（Z = -3.447，p = 0.001）和甜食消费量增加（Z = -2.268，p<0.05）呈现出明显的不利影响。然而，通过Hedges' g测量法衡量的这些变化的总体影响显示为小效应（Hedges' g = 0.04，95% CI（-0.07，-0.16））。
尽管疫情可能培养了人们对自身健康的责任感并提高了人们的营养意识，但沙特人群在养成健康饮食习惯方面可能仍有很长的路要走。公共卫生运动需要提高人群的营养意识水平，教育他们健康饮食的意义，以及如何通过倡导国家饮食指南并由授权官方机构提供可靠准确的信息来实现健康饮食。
