Cherukuri Swathi P, Chikatimalla Rahul, Dasaradhan Thejaswi, Koneti Jancy, Gadde Sai, Kalluru Revanth
Research, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND.
Research, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Aug 12;14(8):e27917. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27917. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting females worldwide and is also among the top causes of all cancer-related deaths. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is known to have the highest rate of mortality in women. There are several risk factors for both CVD and breast cancer that overlap, such as diet, smoking, and obesity, and also the current breast cancer treatment has a significant detrimental effect on cardiovascular health in general. Patients with exposure to potentially cardiotoxic treatments, including anthracyclines, trastuzumab, and radiation therapy, are more likely to develop CVD than non-cancer controls. Early detection and treatment may reduce the risk of the development of cardiac morbidity and mortality and would increase the number of breast cancer survivors. This article provides a comprehensive overview of breast cancer, identifies shared risk factors among breast cancer and CVD, and the cardiotoxic effects of therapy. It also reviews possible prevention and treatment of CVD in breast cancer patients and reviews literature about chemoprevention of cardiac disease in the setting of breast cancer treatment.
乳腺癌是全球影响女性的最常见恶性肿瘤，也是所有癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。众所周知，心血管疾病（CVD）在女性中的死亡率最高。CVD和乳腺癌有几个重叠的风险因素，如饮食、吸烟和肥胖，而且目前的乳腺癌治疗总体上对心血管健康有显著的不利影响。接受包括蒽环类药物、曲妥珠单抗和放射治疗在内的潜在心脏毒性治疗的患者比非癌症对照者更易发生CVD。早期检测和治疗可能降低心脏发病和死亡风险，并增加乳腺癌幸存者的数量。本文全面概述了乳腺癌，确定了乳腺癌和CVD之间的共同风险因素以及治疗的心脏毒性作用。它还综述了乳腺癌患者CVD的可能预防和治疗方法，并回顾了乳腺癌治疗背景下心脏病化学预防的相关文献。
