Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
Vet Med Sci. 2022 Nov;8(6):2605-2615. doi: 10.1002/vms3.934. Epub 2022 Sep 16.
Undoubtedly, global warming has caused a decrease in the production of agricultural commodities. This problem has increased the price of animal feed due to competition with human consumption. Meanwhile, the physiology of ruminants gives them the ability to use by-products and agricultural waste and supply their requirements for growth, maintenance and even production. Berberis vulgaris is a plant native to Iran, and after separating the fruit, its waste (mainly leaf) is unused and causes environmental pollution. The leaves of this plant contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds, alkaloids and anthocyanins that have antioxidant properties.
This experiment was conducted with the aim of determining the chemical properties of barberry leaves, such as crude protein, phenolic compounds, tannins and alkaloids. The effects of substituting of B. vulgaris leaf (BVL) in the diet on performance characteristics of fattening Baluchi lambs were evaluated. The quality and antioxidant status of meat and blood parameters such as glucose, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and liver enzymes were investigated.
A total of 21 male of 5-6 months old lambs with a mean body weight of 30.60 ± 1.28 kg were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments with different levels of BVL: 1-diet without BVL (control), 2-diet containing 7.5% BVL (BVL7.5), and 3-diet containing 15% BVL (BVL15; dry matter [DM] basis). Blood samples were harvested after overnight fasting from the jugular vein at 0, 28, 56 and 84 days. The lambs were slaughtered after 84 days of feeding trial and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was dissected. Meat quality and antioxidant stability status were measured.
15% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL (BVL15) increased DM intake) and decreased average daily gain (p ≤ 0.05). The LD muscle (p ≤ 0.05), liver (p ≤ 0.01) and plasma (p ≤ 0.05) samples of lambs fed either BVL7.5 or BVL15 displayed a greater total antioxidant capacity than that of lambs fed the control diet. Also, malondialdehyde concentration was decreased in plasma (p ≤ 0.01) and LD muscle of lambs (p ≤ 0.05) fed both BVL7.5 and BVL15. In addition, higher a* and C* values (p ≤ 0.05) were observed in the meat of lambs fed BVL15 than those fed with the control, while the lightness (L*) in BVL15 was lower, compared to other experimental diets CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results indicated that 7.5% substitution of alfalfa hay by BVL may positively modulate the antioxidant status of fattening lambs and improve the colour stability of meat without negative effects on performance characteristics.
毫无疑问，全球变暖导致了农产品产量的下降。由于与人类消费竞争，这一问题推高了动物饲料的价格。与此同时，反刍动物的生理学使它们能够利用副产品和农业废弃物，并满足其生长、维持甚至生产的需求。贯叶连翘是一种原产于伊朗的植物，在分离果实后，其废物（主要是叶子）未被利用，造成了环境污染。该植物的叶子含有大量具有抗氧化特性的酚类化合物、生物碱和花青素。
本实验旨在确定贯叶连翘叶的化学特性，如粗蛋白、酚类化合物、单宁和生物碱。评估用贯叶连翘叶（BVL）替代日粮对育肥 Baluchi 羔羊生产性能特征的影响。研究了肉和血液参数的质量和抗氧化状态，如葡萄糖、胆固醇、血尿素氮和肝酶。
将 21 只 5-6 月龄、平均体重为 30.60±1.28kg 的雄性羔羊随机分为三组，分别用三种不同水平的 BVL 替代日粮中的苜蓿：1-不含 BVL 的日粮（对照组）、2-含 7.5% BVL 的日粮（BVL7.5）和 3-含 15% BVL 的日粮（BVL15；干物质[DM]基础）。在 0、28、56 和 84 天禁食过夜后，从颈静脉采集血液样本。在 84 天的饲养试验后，对羔羊进行屠宰，并解剖背最长肌（LD）肌肉。测量肉品质量和抗氧化稳定性。
用 BVL（BVL15）替代 15%的苜蓿干草提高了 DM 摄入量（p≤0.05），降低了平均日增重（p≤0.05）。与对照组相比，饲喂 BVL7.5 或 BVL15 的羔羊的 LD 肌肉（p≤0.05）、肝脏（p≤0.01）和血浆（p≤0.05）样品显示出更高的总抗氧化能力。此外，血浆（p≤0.01）和 LD 肌肉中丙二醛浓度（p≤0.05）降低。此外，与对照组相比，饲喂 BVL15 的羔羊的肉色 a和 C值较高（p≤0.05），而 BVL15 的肉色 L*值较低。
总体而言，我们的结果表明，用 BVL 替代 7.5%的苜蓿干草可能会积极调节育肥羔羊的抗氧化状态，并改善肉色稳定性，而不会对生产性能特征产生负面影响。
