Ewedemi F, Linn M W
J Clin Psychol. 1987 Jul;43(4):347-53. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198707)43:4<347::aid-jclp2270430402>3.0.co;2-x.
This study compared hassles and uplifts in older and younger chronically ill men in regard to whether they perceived their health as good or poor (N = 50). Hassles are irritating and frustrating demands (minor stress) that characterize everyday transaction with the environment, such as losing things or being in traffic jams. Uplifts are positive events that could help counteract the effects of stress. Men in the study rated 40 potential hassles and 40 uplifts on 1 to 4 scales for the preceding month. These were compared by multivariate analysis of variance between older (age 65 and over) and younger (ages 45 through 64) men and between good vs. poor perceptions of health. Uplifts did not discriminate significantly between ages or health perceptions. In addition, hassles were similar between old and young; however, they differed significantly by good and poor assessments of health. Those who viewed their health as poor reported more hassles, mostly from events that were related to their physical health care. Because of the confounding effects with health in individuals who are already ill, hassles may not be good predictors of future health status, but they can help health professionals understand the kinds of demands that produce stress in management of diseases.
本研究比较了老年和年轻慢性病男性在认为自己健康状况良好或不佳方面的日常困扰和愉悦事件（N = 50）。日常困扰是指与环境进行日常互动时出现的恼人和令人沮丧的要求（轻微压力），例如丢东西或遭遇交通堵塞。愉悦事件是有助于抵消压力影响的积极事件。参与研究的男性对前一个月内40种潜在的日常困扰和40种愉悦事件按1至4级进行评分。通过多变量方差分析，对年龄较大（65岁及以上）和较年轻（45至64岁）的男性之间，以及对健康状况的良好与不佳认知之间进行了比较。愉悦事件在年龄或健康认知方面没有显著差异。此外，老年和年轻男性的日常困扰相似；然而，根据对健康状况的良好和不佳评估，它们存在显著差异。那些认为自己健康状况不佳的人报告了更多的日常困扰，主要来自与他们的身体保健相关的事件。由于对已经患病的个体存在健康方面的混杂影响，日常困扰可能不是未来健康状况的良好预测指标，但它们可以帮助健康专业人员了解在疾病管理中产生压力的各种要求。
