Universidad de Extremadura, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Av. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Econ Hum Biol. 2022 Dec;47:101173. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101173. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
With a sample of heights of almost 60,000 men, born between 1855 and 1979 and recruited between 1876 and 2000, our work analyzes the nutritional gap between the agrarian and non-agrarian population in Extremadura, a Spanish region located among the poorest ones in Europe. The analysis reveals that this difference is not only statistically significant, but also tends to increase as the average stature of the active population grows. Among the causes of the agrarian height penalty, our article focuses mainly on the economic differences. However, the research also insists on the roots of these differences, especially those linked to the adverse physical conditions of the territory, the dynamics of the Christian conquest in the Middle Ages and the strong and persistent concentration of land ownership in the region. In short, this paper concludes that the anthropometric gap between agrarian and non-agrarian workers is due not only to economic causes, but also to geographical, historical and institutional reasons.
本文以近 60000 名男性的身高数据为样本，这些人出生于 1855 年至 1979 年之间，招募时间为 1876 年至 2000 年之间，研究分析了西班牙埃斯特雷马杜拉地区（位于欧洲最贫困地区之一）的农业人口和非农业人口之间的营养差距。分析表明，这种差距不仅在统计学上显著，而且随着活跃人口平均身高的增长，差距也有扩大的趋势。在造成农业人口身高劣势的诸多原因中，本文主要关注经济差异。然而，研究还强调了这些差异的根源，尤其是与该地区不利的地理条件、中世纪基督教征服的动态以及土地所有权的强烈和持久集中有关的根源。简而言之，本文的结论是，农业和非农业工人之间的人体测量差距不仅是由于经济原因，还与地理、历史和制度原因有关。
