Fagundes-Moreira Renata, Souza Ugo Araújo, May-Junior Joares Adenilson, Baggio-Souza Vinícius, Berger Laura, Wagner Paulo Guilherme Carniel, Mazim Fabio Dias, Peters Felipe Bortolotto, Favarini Marina Ochoa, Tortato Marcos Adriano, Albano Ana Paula N, Fagundes Darwin Dias, Haberfeld Mario B, Sartorelo Leonardo R, Ranpim Lilian Elaine, Fragoso Carlos Eduardo, Girotto-Soares Aline, Martins Thiago F, Valle Stella de Faria, Soares João Fabio
Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Associação Onçafari, São Paulo, Brasil; Panthera Corporation, New York, USA; Instituto Homem Pantaneiro, Corumbá, Brazil.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2022 Nov;13(6):102021. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102021. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
Cytauxzoonosis is an acute and highly lethal tick-borne disease of wild and domestic cats, and is widely distributed in Africa, Asia, Europe, the USA and Brazil. So far, only two tick species present on the USA are experimentally confirmed in Cytauxzoon transmission however, in Brazil and other continents, the epidemiology of the disease remains unknown. Evidences points to Panthera onca as a possible reservoir, but there is no evidence to point the vector. Therefore, this study evaluates the presence of Cytauxzoon spp. in wild felids from areas with and without records of Amblyomma sculptum this ixodid for comparison. Overall, 53 blood samples of P. onca, Puma concolor, and Leopardus pardalis from the Midwest region (MR; region with A. sculptum) and 143 blood and/or spleen samples from Leopardus geoffroyi, Leopardus wiedii, Leopardus munoai, Leopardus guttulus, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, L. pardalis, and P. concolor from Rio Grande do Sul State (RS; without A. sculptum). Only one feline sample was negative for Cytauxzoon sp. from MR; no samples from RS were positive. In total, 507 ticks were identified from MR felids, with predominance of A. sculptum (69.23%). In RS, there were 93 ixodids, of which 90.32% were Amblyomma aureolatum. The difference in the tick fauna of the two regions studied (presence/absence of A. sculptum) reflects the results found. This study highlighted A. sculptum as a possible vector since this hemoparasite was abundantly observed in areas where it occurs, also, there was no evidence of Cytauxzoon spp. where it was absent. Additionally, the study supported the suggestion that P. onca is the reservoir for the agent in MR.
嗜吞噬细胞无形体病是一种急性且极具致死性的蜱传播疾病，可感染野生和家养猫科动物，广泛分布于非洲、亚洲、欧洲、美国和巴西。到目前为止，在美国仅实验证实有两种蜱虫可传播嗜吞噬细胞无形体病，然而，在巴西和其他各大洲，该疾病的流行病学情况仍不清楚。有证据表明美洲豹可能是储存宿主，但尚无证据表明传播媒介。因此，本研究评估了有无刻点钝缘蜱记录地区的野生猫科动物中嗜吞噬细胞无形体属的存在情况，并将这种硬蜱作为对照。总体而言，从巴西中西部地区（有刻点钝缘蜱的地区）采集了53份美洲豹、美洲狮和豹猫的血样，从巴西南里奥格兰德州（无刻点钝缘蜱）采集了143份 Geoffroy 猫、虎猫、穆氏猫、格氏猫、南美草原猫、豹猫和美洲狮的血样及/或脾脏样本。中西部地区仅一份猫科动物样本对嗜吞噬细胞无形体呈阴性；南里奥格兰德州无样本呈阳性。总共从中西部地区的猫科动物身上鉴定出507只蜱虫，其中刻点钝缘蜱占主导（69.23%）。在南里奥格兰德州，有93只硬蜱，其中90.32%是金黄血蜱。所研究的两个地区（有无刻点钝缘蜱）蜱类动物群的差异反映了所发现的结果。本研究强调刻点钝缘蜱可能是传播媒介，因为在其出现的地区大量观察到了这种血液寄生虫，而且在其未出现的地区没有嗜吞噬细胞无形体属的证据。此外，该研究支持了美洲豹是中西部地区病原体储存宿主的观点。
