Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 2;13:915001. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915001. eCollection 2022.
It was shown that hypertension delays SARS CoV-2 viral clearance and exacerbates airway hyperinflammation in the respiratory tract. However, it is unknown whether hypertension determines the long-term cellular and humoral response to SARS Cov2. Health care workers (HCWs) after an outbreak of SARS Cov-2 infections were analyzed. Infected HCWs were not vaccinated before blood collection. 5-14 months (median 7 months) after detection of SARS CoV-2 infection, blood was taken to analyze humoral response (S1 IgG and SARS CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies) and cellular (T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 with Lymphocyte Transformation Test). To identify clinical factors that determine the immune response, a multivariate regression analysis was done considering age, BMI, sex, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, COPD, asthma and time between PCR positivity and blood collection as confounding factors. Infected hypertensive HCWs more often needed to be hospitalized than non-hypertensive HCWs, but were less likely to develop anosmia and myalgia. The long-term humoral and cellular immune response was significantly strengthened in hypertensive versus normotensive infected HCWs. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that hypertension was independently associated with the humoral response to SARS CoV-2 infection. Multivariate regression analysis using same confounding factors for the humoral response showed a clear trend for an association with the cellular response to SARS CoV-2 infection as well. In conclusion, SARS CoV-2 infection strengthened immune response to SARS CoV-2 infection in hypertensive HCWs independent of other risk factors.
研究表明，高血压会延迟 SARS-CoV-2 病毒清除，并加重呼吸道气道高反应性。然而，目前尚不清楚高血压是否会决定机体对 SARS-CoV2 的长期细胞和体液反应。对 SARS-CoV-2 感染爆发后的医护人员（HCWs）进行了分析。在采集血液前，感染的 HCWs 未接种疫苗。在 SARS CoV-2 感染检测后 5-14 个月（中位数 7 个月），采集血液以分析体液反应（S1 IgG 和 SARS CoV-2 中和抗体）和细胞反应（通过淋巴细胞转化试验分析 T 细胞对 SARS-CoV-2 的反应）。为了确定决定免疫反应的临床因素，考虑年龄、BMI、性别、糖尿病、高血压、吸烟、COPD、哮喘以及 PCR 阳性和血液采集之间的时间作为混杂因素，进行了多变量回归分析。与非高血压 HCWs 相比，感染的高血压 HCWs 更经常需要住院治疗，但发生嗅觉丧失和肌肉疼痛的可能性较小。与正常血压感染的 HCWs 相比，高血压感染的 HCWs 的长期体液和细胞免疫反应明显增强。多变量回归分析显示，高血压与 SARS-CoV-2 感染的体液反应独立相关。使用相同混杂因素进行 SARS-CoV-2 感染细胞反应的多变量回归分析也显示出与 SARS-CoV-2 感染细胞反应相关的明显趋势。总之，SARS-CoV-2 感染会增强高血压 HCWs 对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的免疫反应，独立于其他危险因素。
