Hocher Berthold, Schönbrunn Anne, Chen Xin, Krämer Bernhard K, von Baehr Volker
Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumonology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Medical Diagnostics, IMD Berlin-Potsdam, D-12247 Berlin, Germany.
Microorganisms. 2022 Oct 19;10(10):2067. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10102067.
Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus or infection with SARS-CoV-2 will lead to the development of IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, even despite having high levels of IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, (re-)infection may occur. We thus examined 2994 consecutive blood samples of outpatients from the Berlin-Brandenburg area in Germany in which IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies were determined from the same sample. When analyzing the entire study population (2994 outpatients), we saw that S1 IgG antibodies (women: 223.98 ± 3.81; men: 207.80 ± 4.59; = 0.014) and neutralizing antibodies (women: 66.65 ± 0.82; men: 62.88 ± 1.01; = 0.021) are slightly higher in women than in men. Curve fitting revealed a good non-linear relationship between S1 IgG and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. However, 51 out of the 2994 blood samples from individual subjects were positive with regard to the neutralizing antibodies and at the same time negative for S1 IgG antibodies, and 112 out of the 2994 blood samples from individual subjects were negative with regard to the neutralizing antibodies and at the same time positive for S1 IgG antibodies. In conclusion, our study shows that there is a relevant number of patients who, despite developing significant titers of S1 antibodies, do not have relevant amounts of neutralizing antibody titers and are probably at high risk of (re-)infection.
接种针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的疫苗或感染SARS-CoV-2会导致产生针对SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的IgG抗体。然而，即便体内有高水平的针对SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的IgG抗体，仍可能发生（再）感染。因此，我们检测了德国柏林-勃兰登堡地区2994份连续的门诊患者血样，在同一样本中测定了针对SARS-CoV-2病毒S1蛋白的IgG抗体以及中和SARS-CoV-2病毒的抗体。在分析整个研究人群（2994名门诊患者）时，我们发现S1 IgG抗体（女性：223.98±3.81；男性：207.80±4.59；P = 0.014）和中和抗体（女性：66.65±0.82；男性：62.88±1.01；P = 0.021）在女性中略高于男性。曲线拟合显示S1 IgG与中和SARS-CoV-2抗体之间存在良好的非线性关系。然而，在2994份个体受试者血样中，有51份中和抗体呈阳性，同时S1 IgG抗体呈阴性，有112份中和抗体呈阴性，同时S1 IgG抗体呈阳性。总之，我们的研究表明，有相当数量的患者尽管产生了显著滴度的S1抗体，但中和抗体滴度却不高，可能面临（再）感染的高风险。
