Deshpande Swapna S, Kajale Neha A, Unni Jyothi, Khanijo Vandana, Khadilkar Anuradha V
Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jun;11(6):3203-3208. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1433_21. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
Studies on prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG), and pregnancy outcomes among urban Indian slums are sparse.
To study BMI during early pregnancy, GWG, and maternal and neonatal outcomes among slum-dwelling women in Pune, India.
A retrospective study among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) facility.
Anthropometric and clinical data throughout pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes postdelivery were collected during hospitalization for delivery using ANC cards. Asian BMI cut-offs were used to define underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obesity (OB). GWG was classified into insufficient, adequate, and excessive categories (2009 Institute of Medicine). Statistical analysis was performed using R (v 4.0).
Slum-dwelling pregnant women (n = 509, mean age 24 (3.6) years) were studied. Seventy-five percent of the women visited ANC clinics at least thrice during pregnancy. Only 17.5% (n = 89) of the women registered before 12 weeks of gestation, and higher education and being primiparous were the correlates. A total of 28% of the women were UW, whereas 25% of the women were OW/OB as per early pregnancy BMI. The highest percentage of preterm deliveries and cesarean/instrumental deliveries were observed in OW/OB categories. A total of 27% gained appropriate gestational weight. This cohort had 508 live births (mean BW- 2.8 kgs) and one stillbirth. One baby had macrosomia (BW >4 Kg), whereas 19% were low birth weight (LBW) (BW <2.5 Kg).
Double burden of malnutrition (UW and OW) was observed among young slum-dwelling women. The proportion of slum-dwelling women attending ANC clinics during early pregnancy is still low. Increased uptake of government programs is required to enhance maternal and child health.
关于印度城市贫民窟地区孕前体重指数（BMI）、孕期体重增加（GWG）及妊娠结局的研究较少。
研究印度浦那贫民窟居住妇女的孕早期BMI、GWG以及母婴结局。
一项针对产前检查（ANC）机构就诊孕妇的回顾性研究。
通过使用ANC卡片，在住院分娩期间收集整个孕期的人体测量和临床数据以及产后妊娠结局。采用亚洲BMI临界值来定义体重过轻（UW）、正常体重（NW）、超重（OW）和肥胖（OB）。GWG分为不足、充足和过度三类（2009年医学研究所标准）。使用R（v 4.0）进行统计分析。
对509名贫民窟居住的孕妇（平均年龄24（3.6）岁）进行了研究。75%的妇女在孕期至少去ANC诊所三次。只有17.5%（n = 89）的妇女在妊娠12周前登记，相关因素为受过高等教育和初产。根据孕早期BMI，共有28%的妇女体重过轻，而25%的妇女超重/肥胖。早产和剖宫产/器械助产的比例在超重/肥胖类别中最高。共有27%的妇女孕期体重增加适当。该队列有508例活产（平均出生体重-2.8千克）和1例死产。1例婴儿为巨大儿（出生体重>4千克），而19%为低出生体重儿（出生体重<2.5千克）。
在年轻的贫民窟居住妇女中观察到营养不良的双重负担（体重过轻和超重）。贫民窟居住妇女在孕早期到ANC诊所就诊的比例仍然较低。需要增加对政府项目的参与度以改善母婴健康。
