Saha Somen, Pandya Apurvakumar, Raval Devang, Patil Manoj S, Saxena Deepak
Public Health, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, IND.
Adjunct Faculty, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Aug 14;14(8):e27990. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27990. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Background Malnutrition among children, adolescent girls and women is a serious public health issue in India. Malnutrition among adolescent girls is likely to carry on this vicious cycle by giving birth to low birthweight babies. Moreover, low birthweight babies who survive are likely to suffer growth retardation and illness throughout their childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Present situation analysis highlights not only the overall nutrition picture of Devbhumi Dwarka but also narrates the uptake of current nutrition and healthcare services in the Devbhumi Dwarka district. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 3,738 study population (1,301 children, 1,185 pregnant and lactating women and 1,252 adolescent girls) across four blocks of the Devbhumi Dwarka district of Gujarat. Anthropometric assessments were carried out and the WHO Asia Pacific classification was used for the assessment of malnutrition. Results The prevalence of wasting, underweight and stunting was 14%, 17% and 32%, respectively, in children under two years of age. The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women (Hb <11 g/dL) was 72.92%; 91.36% of lactating women were anaemic (Hb <12 g/dL). The prevalence of underweight (<-2 SD) among adolescent girls was 19.6%. Block-wise variation in prevalence was observed. Overall, utilization of integrated child development services and health services by these target groups remained sub-optimal. Conclusion The study has revealed the suboptimal nutritional status of children, pregnant and lactating women and adolescent girls of Devbhumi Dwarka, which signifies the need for urgent attention. Several areas of priority have been identified and discussed to improve the overall nutrition status in the district.
背景
儿童、少女及妇女营养不良是印度一个严重的公共卫生问题。少女营养不良可能会通过生下低体重婴儿而延续这一恶性循环。此外，存活下来的低体重婴儿在整个童年、青少年及成年期都可能会出现生长发育迟缓及患病情况。现状分析不仅突出了德夫布米·德瓦尔卡的整体营养状况，还讲述了德夫布米·德瓦尔卡地区当前营养及医疗服务的使用情况。
方法
在古吉拉特邦德夫布米·德瓦尔卡地区的四个街区对3738名研究对象（1301名儿童、1185名孕妇及哺乳期妇女和1252名少女）开展了一项描述性横断面研究。进行了人体测量评估，并采用世界卫生组织亚太地区分类法评估营养不良情况。
结果
两岁以下儿童的消瘦、体重不足及发育迟缓患病率分别为14%、17%和32%。孕妇（血红蛋白<11 g/dL）贫血患病率为72.92%；91.36%的哺乳期妇女贫血（血红蛋白<12 g/dL）。少女体重不足（<-2标准差）患病率为19.6%。观察到患病率存在街区差异。总体而言，这些目标群体对综合儿童发展服务及卫生服务的利用率仍未达到最佳水平。
结论
该研究揭示了德夫布米·德瓦尔卡儿童、孕妇及哺乳期妇女和少女的营养状况未达最佳，这表明需要紧急关注。已确定并讨论了几个优先领域，以改善该地区的整体营养状况。
