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α 和 β-肾上腺素能信号对无脊椎动物模型中固有免疫和牙龈卟啉单胞菌毒力的影响。

Effects of α and β-adrenergic signaling on innate immunity and Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence in an invertebrate model.

机构信息

Institute of Science and Technology, Biosciences and Diagnosis Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

出版信息

Virulence. 2022 Dec;13(1):1614-1630. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2123302.

DOI:10.1080/21505594.2022.2123302
PMID:36121102
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9487758/
Abstract

To investigate the role of adrenergic signalling (AS) in the host immune response and virulence, we compared norepinephrine (NE) and isoproterenol (ISO) responses in . infection was evaluated by survival; humoral immune responses (i.e. melanization and and mRNA expression); cellular immune responses (i.e. haemocyte count, nodulation by histology); and recovery (CFU/mL). was cultivated in the presence of ISO (PgISO) or NE and injected into the larvae for survival evaluation. Finally, we co-injected ISO and PgISO to evaluate the concomitant effects on the immune response and bacterial virulence. None of the ligands were toxic to the larvae; ISO increased haemocyte number, even after infection, by mobilizing sessile haemocytes in a β-adrenergic-specific manner, while NE showed the opposite effect. ISO treatment reduced larval mortality and the number of recovered bacteria, while NE increased mortality and showed no effect on bacterial recovery. ISO and NE had similar effects on melanization and decreased the expression of cecropin. Although co-cultivation with NE and ISO increased the gene expression of bacterial virulence factors , only the injection of PgISO increased larval death, which was partially reversed by circulating ISO. Therefore, α- and β-adrenergic signalling had opposite effects after infection. Ultimately, the catecholamine influence on the immune response overcame the effect of more virulent strains. The effect of AS directly on the pathogen found did not translate to the setting.

摘要

为了研究肾上腺素信号（AS）在宿主免疫反应和毒力中的作用，我们比较了去甲肾上腺素（NE）和异丙肾上腺素（ISO）在. 感染中的反应，通过生存、体液免疫反应（即黑化和 和 mRNA 表达）、细胞免疫反应（即血细胞计数、组织学上的结节形成）和 恢复（CFU/mL）来评估。 在 ISO（PgISO）或 NE 的存在下培养，并注射到幼虫中进行生存评估。最后，我们共同注射 ISO 和 PgISO，以评估对免疫反应和细菌毒力的同时影响。这些配体对幼虫都没有毒性；ISO 通过以 β-肾上腺素能特异性的方式动员固定的血细胞，增加了血细胞数量，即使在 感染后也是如此，而 NE 则表现出相反的效果。ISO 处理降低了幼虫死亡率和恢复细菌的数量，而 NE 增加了死亡率，对细菌恢复没有影响。ISO 和 NE 对黑化有相似的影响，并降低了 Cecropin 的表达。尽管与 NE 共同培养并增加了细菌毒力因子的基因表达 ，但只有注射 PgISO 会增加幼虫死亡，而循环中的 ISO 部分逆转了这一结果。因此，α-和 β-肾上腺素信号在 感染后具有相反的作用。最终，儿茶酚胺对免疫反应的影响超过了更具毒力的菌株的影响。AS 对病原体的直接影响在 环境中并没有转化。

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