Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2022 Apr-Jun;59(2):109-114. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.331412.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Dengue virus (DENV) is an RNA virus that infects approximately 2.5 billion people around the world. The incidence of dengue fever has rapidly increased at an alarming rate in the last few years and has affected thousands of people in Pakistan. This review explores the prevalence, serotypes and pathogenesis of dengue virus circulating in Pakistan.
A systematic review of observational studies published between 1994 and December 2019 was performed. All records of the confirmed outbreak of dengue fever in Pakistan were reviewed and articles containing no primary data were excluded.
Four identified serotypes of dengue virus (DENV 1-4) circulate in different regions of the world causing epidemics. The most prevalent serotype, which is still epidemic and dominant in Pakistan, is DENV-2. Many factors like over-population, rapid urbanization, travelling, lack of vector control in dengue endemic areas and inadequate health-care are responsible of dynamic and huge raise of dengue in Pakistan.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Currently there is no specific treatment for prevention of dengue virus. Recently some antiviral compounds were being tested to eradicate this disease. There is a need to develop an efficient and safe vaccine for all four serotypes to combat dengue viral infection globally and particularly in Pakistan.
登革热病毒（DENV）是一种 RNA 病毒，全球约有 25 亿人感染。登革热的发病率在过去几年中呈惊人的速度迅速上升，已影响到巴基斯坦数千人。本综述探讨了在巴基斯坦流行的登革热病毒的流行情况、血清型和发病机制。
对 1994 年至 2019 年 12 月期间发表的观察性研究进行了系统评价。对巴基斯坦登革热确诊爆发的所有记录进行了审查，并排除了没有原始数据的文章。
世界不同地区流行着四种登革热病毒血清型（DENV1-4），引起流行。最流行的血清型仍然是 DENV-2，在巴基斯坦仍然流行并占主导地位。人口过多、快速城市化、旅行、在登革热流行地区缺乏病媒控制以及医疗保健不足等诸多因素是导致巴基斯坦登革热动态和大量增加的原因。
目前尚无预防登革热病毒的特效治疗方法。最近正在测试一些抗病毒化合物来消灭这种疾病。需要开发针对所有四种血清型的有效和安全的疫苗，以在全球范围内特别是在巴基斯坦对抗登革热病毒感染。
