Centre for Addiction, Via Pò 2, 95031 Adrano, Italy; Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK.
Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Nov;67:104180. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104180. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
According to Leventhal's self-regulation model, ill people construct personal representations of their disease, namely illness perceptions, which impact their coping strategies and the emotional response to their condition. Since these representations develop in the social environment, the individuals' perceptions may also be related to the opinions of their caregivers. This systematic review aims at synthesising and critically appraising literature pertaining the relationship between illness perceptions and outcome in persons with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers. A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. Only papers with the following characteristics were included: quantitative studies; written in English or Italian; published from 1992; investigating the relationship between illness perceptions and any outcome in persons with multiple sclerosis and/or their caregivers; using validated scales assessing illness perceptions. Twenty papers were included and appraised through the 16-item Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs. The quality of the papers was acceptable. Eighteen out of 20 papers reported the existence of a moderate effect size when analysing the relationship between illness perceptions and outcome, whereby "positive" perceptions (e.g. stronger beliefs of control) related to better outcomes, while "negative" ones (e.g. attribution of negative consequences to the disease) related to worse outcome.
根据 Leventhal 的自我调节模型，患者会对自己的疾病形成个人化的表述，即疾病认知，这会影响他们的应对策略和对病情的情绪反应。由于这些表述是在社会环境中形成的，患者的认知也可能与照顾者的意见有关。本系统综述旨在综合和批判性地评价关于多发性硬化症患者及其照顾者的疾病认知与结局之间关系的文献。在 MEDLINE、PsycINFO 和 CINAHL 中进行了文献检索。只有符合以下特征的论文才被纳入：定量研究；用英语或意大利语书写；发表于 1992 年以后；调查多发性硬化症患者及其照顾者的疾病认知与任何结局之间的关系；使用经过验证的量表评估疾病认知。共纳入 20 篇论文，并通过 16 项不同设计研究质量评估工具进行评估。这些论文的质量是可以接受的。在分析疾病认知与结局之间的关系时，20 篇论文中有 18 篇报告了中等效应量的存在，即“积极”的认知（例如对控制的信念更强）与更好的结局相关，而“消极”的认知（例如将负面后果归因于疾病）与更糟糕的结局相关。
