Biomedizinische Forschung & Bio-Produkte AG, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Aug 29;14(9):595. doi: 10.3390/toxins14090595.
is a human and animal pathogen as well as a commensal bacterium. It can be a causative agent of severe, life-threatening infections with high mortality, e.g., toxic shock syndrome, septic shock, and multi-organ failure. strains secrete a number of toxins. Exotoxins/enterotoxins are considered important in the pathogenesis of the above-mentioned conditions. Exotoxins, e.g., superantigen toxins, cause uncontrolled and polyclonal T cell activation and unregulated activation of inflammatory cytokines. Here we show the importance of genomic analysis of infectious strains in order to identify disease-causing exotoxins. Further, we show through functional analysis of superantigenic properties of staphylococcal exotoxins that even very small amounts of a putative superantigenic contaminant can have a significant mitogenic effect. The results show expression and production of two distinct staphylococcal exotoxins, SEC and SEL, in several strains from clinical isolates. Antibodies against both toxins are required to neutralise the superantigenic activity of staphylococcal supernatants and purified staphylococcal toxins.
是一种既能感染人类又能感染动物的病原体，同时也是一种共生菌。它可能是导致严重、危及生命且死亡率高的感染的病原体，例如中毒性休克综合征、败血症性休克和多器官衰竭。 菌株分泌多种毒素。肠毒素/外毒素被认为在上述疾病的发病机制中很重要。外毒素，例如超抗原毒素，导致不受控制的多克隆 T 细胞激活和炎症细胞因子的失控激活。在这里，我们展示了对感染性菌株进行基因组分析以鉴定致病外毒素的重要性。此外，我们通过对葡萄球菌外毒素的超抗原特性的功能分析表明，即使是非常少量的假定超抗原污染物也可能具有显著的有丝分裂作用。结果表明，两种不同的葡萄球菌外毒素 SEC 和 SEL 在来自临床分离株的几个菌株中表达和产生。中和葡萄球菌上清液和纯化的葡萄球菌毒素的超抗原活性需要针对这两种毒素的抗体。
