University of Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen, Infection Biology Unit, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Mar;7(2). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0029-2018.
is usually regarded as a bacterial pathogen due to its ability to cause multiple types of invasive infections. Nevertheless, colonizes about 30% of the human population asymptomatically in the nares, either transiently or persistently, and can therefore be regarded a human commensal as well, although carriage increases the risk of infection. Whereas many facets of the infection processes have been studied intensively, little is known about the commensal lifestyle of . Recent studies highlight the major role of the composition of the highly variable nasal microbiota in promoting or inhibiting colonization. Competition for limited nutrients, trace elements, and epithelial attachment sites, different susceptibilities to host defense molecules and the production of antimicrobial molecules by bacterial competitors may determine whether nasal bacteria outcompete each other. This chapter summarizes our knowledge about mechanisms that are used by for efficient nasal colonization and strategies used by other nasal bacteria to interfere with its colonization. An improved understanding of naturally evolved mechanisms might enable us to develop new strategies for pathogen eradication.
通常被认为是一种细菌病原体，因为它能够引起多种类型的侵袭性感染。然而，定植于大约 30%的人群的鼻腔无症状，无论是短暂的还是持久的，因此也可以被认为是一种人类共生菌，尽管定植会增加感染的风险。虽然感染过程的许多方面已经被深入研究，但对于 的共生生活方式知之甚少。最近的研究强调了高度可变的鼻腔微生物群落组成在促进或抑制 定植中的主要作用。对有限的营养物质、微量元素和上皮附着位点的竞争、对宿主防御分子的不同敏感性以及细菌竞争者产生的抗菌分子，可能决定了鼻腔细菌是否相互竞争。本章总结了我们对 用于有效鼻腔定植的机制以及其他鼻腔细菌用于干扰其定植的策略的了解。对自然进化机制的更好理解可能使我们能够开发新的策略来根除病原体。
