宏量和微量元素在 L. 和 L. 中的短期变化

Short-term Variability of Macro- and Trace Elements in L. and L.

机构信息

Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.

Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.

出版信息

Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2022 Jul 28;14(3):20. doi: 10.31083/j.fbe1403020.

DOI:10.31083/j.fbe1403020

PMID:36137993

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The main aim of the research was to study short-term changes in the concentrations of elements in two widely distributed plant species, couch grass and nettle and in the rhizosphere soil of the plants.

METHODS

The sampling of plants and soil was carried out on three dates: 3, 10, and 25 May 2021. On each day of sampling, the plants and soil were collected three times: at 9:00, 14:00, and 19:00. The ICP-OES and ICP-MS analytical techniques were used for determination of elements in the plant and soil samples. The Raman spectroscopy was applied to study variations in the organic compounds.

RESULTS

The concentrations of both macro-nutrients and trace elements in plants varied greatly over daytime on all dates of sampling. The differences between concentrations of many elements in the plants collected at different times during a day were statistically significant. There were also statistically significant differences between concentrations of some elements (Na, Mg, P, K, Fe, Ba) in the plants collected on different dates. The relative intensity of diffuse luminescence of the rhizosphere soil of couch grass and nettle was different during daytime and also differed between the soils taken from roots of the two plant species, especially in the beginning of May.

CONCLUSIONS

The experimental data indicates that the daily variations of the element concentrations in plants might be a result of multiple effects of various factors. The differences in the daily element variations in the couch grass and nettle growing in the same site and collected simultaneously might be due to the fact that these plants belong to different clades. The diurnal fluctuations (that also include regular changes in the element concentrations in plants) can be different for monocotyledons (couch grass) and dicotyledons (nettle). New experimental findings on short-term variations in the concentrations of macro-nutrients and trace elements can help to gain a new insight into accumulation of the elements in different plant species and also be useful in agricultural practice.

摘要

背景

本研究的主要目的是研究两种广泛分布的植物——草地雀稗和荨麻——以及植物根际土壤中元素浓度的短期变化。

方法

于 2021 年 5 月 3 日、10 日和 25 日分三次采集植物和土壤样本。在采样的每一天，分三个时段采集植物和土壤样本：9:00、14:00 和 19:00。使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）和电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析技术来测定植物和土壤样本中的元素。采用拉曼光谱法研究有机化合物的变化。

结果

在所有采样日，植物中大量营养元素和痕量元素的浓度在白天有很大的变化。在一天的不同时间采集的植物中，许多元素的浓度差异具有统计学意义。在不同日期采集的植物中，一些元素（Na、Mg、P、K、Fe、Ba）的浓度也存在统计学上的显著差异。草地雀稗和荨麻根际土壤的漫射发光相对强度在白天不同，而且在两种植物根际土壤之间也不同，尤其是在 5 月初。

结论

实验数据表明，植物中元素浓度的日变化可能是多种因素综合作用的结果。在同一地点同时采集的草地雀稗和荨麻植物中元素的日变化差异可能是由于这些植物属于不同的分支。单子叶植物（草地雀稗）和双子叶植物（荨麻）的昼夜波动（包括植物中元素浓度的规律性变化）可能不同。关于大量营养元素和痕量元素浓度短期变化的新实验发现，有助于深入了解不同植物物种中元素的积累情况，也有助于农业实践。