Song Huan, Tan Chenghui, Zhu Chuanlin, Liu Dianzhi, Peng Wenbo
School of Educational Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China.
Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
Brain Sci. 2022 Sep 7;12(9):1204. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12091204.
Previous studies have shown that some negative emotions hinder estimation strategy execution. However, these studies rarely investigate the influence of negative emotions on the estimation strategy execution in individuals with trait anxiety. The present study examines the relationship between negative emotions and trait anxiety in individuals’ estimation strategy execution. Moreover, it looks into the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on their estimation strategy execution. In October 2010, 803 college students were evaluated using the Trait Anxiety Scale. From these participants, individuals with high and low trait anxiety were selected to complete the double-digit multiplication estimation task. The results showed that the estimation strategy’s execution speed in individuals with high trait anxiety was slower than those with low trait anxiety under negative emotions (t (113) = −2.269, p = 0.025, d = 0.427). Both expression inhibition and cognitive reappraisal could significantly improve the execution speed of the estimation strategy in low trait anxiety (p < 0.001). For individuals with high trait anxiety, cognitive reappraisal regulating negative emotions can promote the estimation strategy’s execution speed (p = 0.031). However, the use of expression inhibition has no significant effect on estimation strategy execution (p = 0.101). In summary, the present study revealed that different emotion regulation strategies moderated the arithmetic strategy execution of individuals with trait anxiety, and cognitive reappraisal had a better effect in individuals with high trait anxiety.
以往的研究表明，一些负面情绪会阻碍估算策略的执行。然而，这些研究很少探究负面情绪对特质焦虑个体估算策略执行的影响。本研究考察了个体估算策略执行中负面情绪与特质焦虑之间的关系。此外，还探究了不同情绪调节策略对其估算策略执行的影响。2010年10月，使用特质焦虑量表对803名大学生进行了评估。从这些参与者中，选取特质焦虑高和低的个体完成两位数乘法估算任务。结果显示，在负面情绪下，特质焦虑高的个体估算策略的执行速度比特质焦虑低的个体慢（t(113)= -2.269，p = 0.025，d = 0.427）。表达抑制和认知重评都能显著提高特质焦虑低的个体估算策略的执行速度（p < 0.001）。对于特质焦虑高的个体，认知重评调节负面情绪可促进估算策略的执行速度（p = 0.031）。然而，使用表达抑制对估算策略执行没有显著影响（p = 0.101）。总之，本研究表明不同情绪调节策略调节了特质焦虑个体的算术策略执行，且认知重评对特质焦虑高的个体有更好的效果。
