Wilson Nina A, Villani Anthony, Tan Sze-Yen, Mantzioris Evangeline
Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.
Biomedicines. 2022 Sep 9;10(9):2241. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10092241.
Background: Students in the United States gain weight significantly during their first year of university, however limited data are available for Australian students. Methods: This 12-month observational study was conducted to monitor monthly body weight and composition, as well as quarterly eating behaviours, dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and basal metabolic rate changes amongst first-year Australian university students. Participants were first-year university students over 18 years. Results: Twenty-two first-year university students (5 males and 17 females) completed the study. Female students gained weight significantly at two, three, and four-months (+0.9 kg; +1.5 kg; +1.1 kg, p < 0.05). Female waist circumference (2.5 cm increase at three-months, p = 0.012), and body fat also increased (+0.9%, p = 0.026 at three-months). Intakes of sugar, saturated fat (both >10% of total energy), and sodium exceeded recommended levels (>2000 mg) at 12-months. Greater sedentary behaviours were observed amongst male students throughout the study (p <0.05). Conclusions: Female students are at risk of unfavourable changes in body composition during the first year of university, while males are at risk of increased sedentary behaviours. High intakes of saturated fat, sugars, and sodium warrant future interventions in such a vulnerable group.
美国学生在大学一年级时体重显著增加，然而澳大利亚学生的相关数据有限。方法：本为期12个月的观察性研究旨在监测澳大利亚大学一年级学生的每月体重和身体成分，以及每季度的饮食行为、饮食摄入量、身体活动、久坐行为和基础代谢率变化。参与者为18岁以上的大学一年级学生。结果：22名大学一年级学生（5名男性和17名女性）完成了研究。女学生在第2、3和4个月时体重显著增加（分别增加0.9千克、1.5千克、1.1千克，p<0.05）。女学生的腰围在第3个月时增加了2.5厘米（p=0.012），身体脂肪也增加了（第3个月时增加0.9%，p=0.026）。在12个月时，糖、饱和脂肪（均占总能量的10%以上）和钠的摄入量超过了推荐水平（>2000毫克）。在整个研究过程中，男学生的久坐行为更多（p<0.05）。结论：女学生在大学一年级时身体成分有发生不利变化的风险，而男学生有久坐行为增加的风险。饱和脂肪、糖和钠的高摄入量值得对这一弱势群体进行未来干预。
