Kersting M, Koester H, Wennemann J, Wember T, Schöch G
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1987 May;135(5):247-52.
In two large maternity wards encouraging breast-feeding, breast-milk volumes (weighing of the baby before and after each feeding) and weight development of the infants were determined until dismissal. On days 2, 3 and 4, 20-30%, 60-70%, and 80-90% of the mothers, respectively, produced milk. The largest increase in milk volume ("Einschuss") usually took place between days 3 and 4. Milk volume increased from an average of 150-180 ml on day 4 to 270-300 ml on day 6. Development of milk production was independent of type of delivery; however, the usual delay of one day following caesarean section was not made up for until discharge. Fully breast-feeding mothers produced on the average the same amounts of milk as mothers at the turn of the century. Throughout their stay in the maternity ward, mothers with good breast-feeding experience produced more milk than those with bad or without any breast-feeding experience. Nursing all infants at fairly regular intervals during the day and at night is recommended in order to achieve that as many mothers as possible are fully breast-feeding on discharge. Comparing energy intake and weight development between groups of fully, partially and non breast-fed infants suggested a better utilization of breast-milk.
在两个鼓励母乳喂养的大型产科病房，对婴儿的母乳量（每次喂奶前后婴儿称重）和体重增长情况进行了测定，直至婴儿出院。在第2天、第3天和第4天，分别有20% - 30%、60% - 70%和80% - 90%的母亲分泌乳汁。乳汁量的最大增长（“摄入量”）通常发生在第3天至第4天之间。乳汁量从第4天的平均150 - 180毫升增加到第6天的270 - 300毫升。乳汁分泌的情况与分娩方式无关；然而，剖宫产术后通常延迟一天分泌乳汁的情况直到出院时才得以弥补。完全母乳喂养的母亲平均分泌的乳汁量与世纪之交时的母亲相同。在产科病房期间，有良好母乳喂养经验的母亲分泌的乳汁比经验不足或没有母乳喂养经验的母亲更多。建议白天和晚上以相当规律的间隔对所有婴儿进行哺乳，以便尽可能多的母亲在出院时能够完全母乳喂养。对完全母乳喂养、部分母乳喂养和非母乳喂养婴儿组的能量摄入和体重增长进行比较，结果表明母乳的利用率更高。
