Leconte Aline, Tournant Ludovic, Muchembled Jérôme, Paucellier Jonathan, Héquet Arnaud, Deracinois Barbara, Deweer Caroline, Krier François, Deleu Magali, Oste Sandrine, Jacques Philippe, Coutte François
UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Equipe Métabolites Secondaires D'origine Microbienne, Institut Charles Viollette, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
JUNIA, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAE, Equipe Métabolites Spécialisés D'origine Végétale, Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000 Lille, France.
Microorganisms. 2022 Sep 9;10(9):1810. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10091810.
Apple scab is an important disease conventionally controlled by chemical fungicides, which should be replaced by more environmentally friendly alternatives. One of these alternatives could be the use of lipopeptides produced by . The objective of this work is to study the action of the three families of lipopeptides and different mixtures of them in vitro and in vivo against . Firstly, the antifungal activity of mycosubtilin/surfactin and fengycin/surfactin mixtures was determined in vitro by measuring the median inhibitory concentration. Then, the best lipopeptide mixture ratio was produced using Design of Experiment (DoE) to optimize the composition of the culture medium. Finally, the lipopeptides mixtures efficiency against was assessed in orchards as well as the evaluation of the persistence of lipopeptides on apple. In vitro tests show that the use of fengycin or mycosubtilin alone is as effective as a mixture, with the 50-50% fengycin/surfactin mixture being the most effective. Optimization of culture medium for the production of fengycin/surfactin mixture shows that the best composition is glycerol coupled with glutamic acid. Finally, lipopeptides showed in vivo antifungal efficiency against regardless of the mixture used with a 70% reduction in the incidence of scab for both mixtures (fengycin/surfactin or mycosubtilin/surfactin). The reproducibility of the results over the two trial campaigns was significantly better with the mycosubtilin/surfactin mixture. The use of lipopeptides to control this disease is very promising.
苹果黑星病是一种重要病害,传统上通过化学杀菌剂进行防治,而化学杀菌剂应由更环保的替代品取代。其中一种替代品可能是使用由……产生的脂肽。本研究的目的是在体外和体内研究三类脂肽及其不同混合物对……的作用。首先,通过测量半数抑制浓度在体外测定了枯草菌素/表面活性素以及丰原素/表面活性素混合物的抗真菌活性。然后,利用实验设计(DoE)来优化培养基组成,以制备最佳的脂肽混合物比例。最后,在果园中评估了脂肽混合物对……的防治效果以及脂肽在苹果上的残留情况。体外试验表明,单独使用丰原素或枯草菌素与使用混合物的效果相当,其中50-50%的丰原素/表面活性素混合物效果最佳。对丰原素/表面活性素混合物生产培养基的优化表明,最佳组成是甘油与谷氨酸的组合。最后,无论使用哪种混合物,脂肽在体内均表现出抗真菌效果,两种混合物(丰原素/表面活性素或枯草菌素/表面活性素)对黑星病发病率的降低均达到70%。枯草菌素/表面活性素混合物在两个试验周期内结果的重现性明显更好。使用脂肽防治这种病害非常有前景。