Turaiche Mirela, Feciche Bogdan, Gluhovschi Adrian, Bratosin Felix, Bogdan Iulia, Bota Adrian Vasile, Grigoras Mirela Loredana, Gurban Camelia Vidita, Cerbu Bianca, Toma Ana-Olivia, Gurumurthy Srivathsava, Wulandari Prima Hapsari, Marincu Iosif
Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Department of Urology, Satu-Mare County Emergency Hospital, Strada Ravensburg 2, 440192 Satu-Mare, Romania.
Pathogens. 2022 Sep 7;11(9):1018. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11091018.
Measles is a highly infectious and sometimes deadly illness that is preventable with vaccination. The present research aims to analyze the most recent measles epidemic from Romania that occurred in a population with a falling desire to receive immunizations, by detailing the clinical picture and biological profile of hospitalized patients. A secondary goal of the present research is to identify characteristics that increase the likelihood of a longer hospitalization and the development of measles-related pneumonia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to follow the course and effects of measles virus infection in adult hospitalized patients who were divided into two groups based on whether they had been in the hospital for more than 6 days or fewer than 6 days. A total of 114 adult patients with measles were eligible to participate in the trial if they had a positive measles-specific IgM antibody test resulting from the study. The average age in the short hospital stay group was 28.1 years, while the average age in the long hospital stay group was 31.9 years. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of Roma persons in the research groups, with 17.4 percent of them having a lengthy hospital stay compared to 5.9 percent in the group with a short hospital stay, according to the findings. It was observed that many patients had a long hospitalization associated with chronic lung disease (OR = 1.07), liver damage (OR = 1.66), Roma ethnicity (OR = 1.79), a long duration elapsed from the last MMR dose (OR = 2.02), elevated c-reactive protein (OR = 2.17), the presence of bilateral pulmonary condensations on X-ray (OR = 3.13), and elevated procalcitonin (OR = 3.49). The same significant independent risk factors were also associated with the development of pneumonia. It is of imperative need to address these risk factors in a patient with measles, moreover in association with an unknown status of vaccination. Vaccination awareness against measles must be pushed in Romania to determine a higher than 95% coverage. Significant efforts are still needed to ensure improved protection against measles epidemics within a specific region or population and, more importantly, in patients with significant risk factors for complications, as described in this study.
麻疹是一种具有高度传染性且有时会致命的疾病，可通过接种疫苗预防。本研究旨在通过详细描述住院患者的临床表现和生物学特征，分析罗马尼亚最近发生在接种意愿下降人群中的麻疹疫情。本研究的第二个目标是确定增加住院时间延长和麻疹相关肺炎发生可能性的特征。进行了一项回顾性队列研究，以跟踪成年住院患者中麻疹病毒感染的病程和影响，这些患者根据住院时间是否超过6天分为两组。共有114名成年麻疹患者符合参与试验的条件，前提是他们的麻疹特异性IgM抗体检测结果为阳性。短住院组的平均年龄为28.1岁，而长住院组的平均年龄为31.9岁。研究组中罗姆人的数量存在统计学上的显著差异，根据研究结果，其中17.4%的人住院时间长，而短住院组这一比例为5.9%。观察到许多患者住院时间长与慢性肺病（OR = 1.07）、肝损伤（OR = 1.66）、罗姆族裔（OR = 1.79）、距上次麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹联合疫苗接种的时间长（OR = 2.02）、C反应蛋白升高（OR = 2.17）、X线显示双侧肺部实变（OR = 3.13）以及降钙素原升高（OR = 3.49）有关。相同的显著独立危险因素也与肺炎的发生有关。对于麻疹患者，尤其是在疫苗接种状况不明的情况下，必须解决这些危险因素。罗马尼亚必须提高对麻疹疫苗接种的认识，以确定覆盖率高于95%。仍需要做出重大努力，以确保在特定地区或人群中更好地预防麻疹疫情，更重要的是，如本研究中所述，在有重大并发症危险因素的患者中预防麻疹疫情。
