Kumboyono Kumboyono, Chomsy Indah Nur, Hakim Ardhi Khoirul, Sujuti Hidayat, Hariyanti Tita, Srihardyastutie Arie, Wihastuti Titin Andri
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Int J Gen Med. 2022 Sep 16;15:7319-7328. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S367125. eCollection 2022.
Smoking is a significant risk factor in developing cardiovascular disease pathogenesis through oxidative stress and inflammation mechanisms. This study used cotinine as a biomarker of nicotine exposure levels in the body, which was associated with levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) as markers of oxidative stress and vascular inflammation. The research aimed to analyze the effect of cotinine levels on the expression of IL-6 and SOD.
This study used a cross-sectional design on 200 subjects, consisting 100 smokers and 100 non-smokers. Cotinine levels, IL-6 expression, and SOD were measured from the blood serum of each subject using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Then the data were analyzed using Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA).
There was a significant effect of cotinine levels on the reduction of SOD mediated by IL-6 (CR = 4.006). Cotinine levels also increased IL-6 mediated by SOD (CR = 4.292). The structural model shows that higher cotinine levels will increase IL-6 expression, and conversely, SOD expression will decrease.
High cotinine levels cause an increase in the inflammatory process and oxidative stress in the vasculature of smokers, which is characterized by high IL-6 expression and low SOD expression.
吸烟是通过氧化应激和炎症机制引发心血管疾病发病的一个重要风险因素。本研究使用可替宁作为体内尼古丁暴露水平的生物标志物，其与作为氧化应激和血管炎症标志物的白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平相关。该研究旨在分析可替宁水平对IL-6和SOD表达的影响。
本研究采用横断面设计，对200名受试者进行研究，其中包括100名吸烟者和100名非吸烟者。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法从每个受试者的血清中测量可替宁水平、IL-6表达和SOD。然后使用广义结构成分分析（GSCA）对数据进行分析。
可替宁水平对由IL-6介导的SOD降低有显著影响（CR = 4.006）。可替宁水平也会增加由SOD介导的IL-6（CR = 4.292）。结构模型表明，较高的可替宁水平会增加IL-6表达，相反，SOD表达会降低。
高可替宁水平会导致吸烟者血管中的炎症过程和氧化应激增加，其特征是高IL-6表达和低SOD表达。
