Hassan Sehar-Un-Nisa, Zahra Aqeela, Parveen Nuzhat, Khatoon Fahmida, Bangi Naseer Ahmad, Hosseinzadeh Hassan
Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 81451, Saudi Arabia.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2022 Sep 13;16:2533-2542. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S378245. eCollection 2022.
To determine the relationship of various domains of quality of life (QoL) with healthcare adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.
The study sample comprised 795 participants among which 203 had a current diagnosis of any major NCDs, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, asthma, chronic pulmonary diseases, and chronic psychiatric illnesses and a control group of 592 participants who had no NCD. Participants completed an online survey questionnaire which obtained data on socio-demographic variables, types of NCDs, and healthcare adherence during the year 2020, the period during which Saudi Arabia underwent the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) assessed the QoL in four domains physical, psychological, social and environmental and used standard scores in the analysis. GraphPad Prism 5 and SPSS 25V were employed for the statistical analysis. Bar graphs and frequency distribution tables present descriptive data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed to determine the significance of the relationship between QoL and healthcare adherence.
Almost equal proportions of participants with NCDs (n=109/203; 54%) and without NCDs (n=327/592; 55%) demonstrated nonadherence to their regular healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2=0.14; p=0.71). Patients with NCDs experienced lower quality of life in the psychological, social and environmental domains of QoL (p<0.05). Results from the multivariate regression analysis showed that female gender (AOR=1.52; p<0.05) psychological QoL (AOR=1.99; p<0.05), social QoL (AOR=1.98; p<0.05) and environmental QoL (AOR=1.95; p<0.05) significantly relate with adherence to healthcare.
Psychological, social and environmental may influence healthcare adherence among patients with NCDs during pandemics and should be focused on while devising future healthcare policy and interventions.
确定沙特阿拉伯在新冠疫情期间生活质量（QoL）的各个领域与医疗依从性之间的关系。
研究样本包括795名参与者，其中203人目前被诊断患有任何主要的非传染性疾病，包括心血管疾病、糖尿病、哮喘、慢性肺部疾病和慢性精神疾病，以及592名无非传染性疾病的参与者作为对照组。参与者完成了一份在线调查问卷，该问卷收集了2020年社会人口统计学变量、非传染性疾病类型和医疗依从性的数据，这一年沙特阿拉伯经历了新冠疫情的前两波。世界卫生组织生活质量量表（WHOQOL-BREF）在身体、心理、社会和环境四个领域评估生活质量，并在分析中使用标准分数。使用GraphPad Prism 5和SPSS 25V进行统计分析。柱状图和频率分布表呈现描述性数据。进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析以确定生活质量与医疗依从性之间关系的显著性。
在新冠疫情期间，患有非传染性疾病的参与者（n = 109/203；54%）和无非传染性疾病的参与者（n = 327/592；55%）中，几乎相同比例的人表现出不遵守常规医疗（χ2 = 0.14；p = 0.71）。患有非传染性疾病的患者在生活质量的心理、社会和环境领域经历了较低的生活质量（p < 0.05）。多变量回归分析结果表明，女性性别（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.52；p < 0.05）、心理生活质量（AOR = 1.99；p < 0.05）、社会生活质量（AOR = 1.98；p < 0.05）和环境生活质量（AOR = 1.95；p < 0.05）与医疗依从性显著相关。
心理、社会和环境因素可能会影响疫情期间非传染性疾病患者的医疗依从性，在制定未来的医疗政策和干预措施时应予以关注。
