Krechetov Pavel P, Sharapova Anna V, Semenkov Ivan N, Koroleva Tatiana V
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia.
MethodsX. 2022 Sep 6;9:101841. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101841. eCollection 2022.
The article presents protocols for determining the biological activity of kerosene-contaminated soils in terms of two indicators, i.e. cellulolytic activity and biological consumption of oxygen. A method for determining the cellulolytic activity of soils is based on measuring the rate of cellulose decomposition . Model test objects (linen fragments 10 × 20 cm weighing 4-6 g) were put in the root layer of soil. A month later, the linen was removed from soil and its weight loss was measured. Cellulolytic activity was estimated by the weight loss of readily hydrolysable organic matter (RHOM) per day (mg/g RHOM per day). The method for determining the biological consumption of oxygen of water was adapted for soils. The indicator characterizes the ability of microorganisms to oxidize organic substances using oxygen for 5 days. The analytic procedure includes taking a soil sample, preparing the suspension (the ratio of soil to distilled water is at least 1:10) and after 5 days measuring the concentration of unspent dissolved oxygen using the oxygen meter. The proposed methods give reproducible and reliable results on the biochemical activity of soil microorganisms in a wide range of soils, e.g. Retisols, Arenosols and Histosols, including those under hydrocarbon pollution.
本文介绍了根据纤维素分解活性和生物需氧量这两个指标来测定煤油污染土壤生物活性的方案。一种测定土壤纤维素分解活性的方法是基于测量纤维素分解速率。将模型测试对象（尺寸为10×20厘米、重量为4 - 6克的亚麻布碎片）放入土壤的根层。一个月后，将亚麻布从土壤中取出并测量其重量损失。纤维素分解活性通过每天易水解有机物（RHOM）的重量损失（毫克/克RHOM/天）来估算。测定土壤生物需氧量的方法是对测定水中生物需氧量的方法进行改良后用于土壤的。该指标表征微生物利用氧气氧化有机物质5天的能力。分析步骤包括采集土壤样品、制备悬浮液（土壤与蒸馏水的比例至少为1:10），并在5天后使用氧气计测量未消耗的溶解氧浓度。所提出的方法在广泛的土壤类型中，如网纹土、砂质土和泥炭土，包括受烃污染的土壤，都能给出可重复且可靠的土壤微生物生化活性结果。
