Venthur Herbert, Lizana Paula, Manosalva Loreto, Rojas Valentina, Godoy Ricardo, Rocha Adonis, Aguilera Iván, Palma-Millanao Rubén, Fajardo Victor, Quiroz Andrés, Mutis Ana
Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Centro de Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente, CIBAMA, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Front Physiol. 2022 Sep 6;13:989006. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.989006. eCollection 2022.
The greater wax moth, , is a global pest for beehives, doing damage in the larval stage. Although a significant number of studies have reported on larvae and adults, to date no effective pest control has been implemented. In this study, we tested larval resistance to alkaloids from , and the objective was to identify enzymes that participate in alkaloid detoxification through enzymatic assays, bioinformatics analysis and qRT-PCR. Findings suggest glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), from an increased metabolic mechanism, are responsible for alkaloid detoxification rather than cytochrome P450 (CYP), carboxylesterases (CarE). A bioinformatics analysis from transcriptome data revealed 22 GSTs present in both larvae and adults. The qRT-PCR experiments corroborated the presence of the 22 GSTs in larvae, where GST8 and GST20 stood out with the highest expression after berberine treatment. Structural information around GST8 and GST20 suggests that GST8 could bind berberine stronger than GST20. These findings represent an important advance in the study of detoxification enzymes in , expanding the role of delta-class GSTs towards alkaloids. Likewise, GST inhibition by alkaloid analogs is proposed in the framework of integrated pest management strategies.
大蜡螟是全球蜂箱的害虫，在幼虫阶段造成破坏。尽管大量研究报道了其幼虫和成虫，但迄今为止尚未实施有效的害虫防治措施。在本研究中，我们测试了大蜡螟幼虫对黄连生物碱的抗性，目的是通过酶活性测定、生物信息学分析和qRT-PCR鉴定参与生物碱解毒的酶。研究结果表明，谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GSTs）通过增强代谢机制负责生物碱解毒，而非细胞色素P450（CYP）、羧酸酯酶（CarE）。转录组数据的生物信息学分析显示，大蜡螟幼虫和成虫中均存在22种GSTs。qRT-PCR实验证实了幼虫中存在这22种GSTs，其中小檗碱处理后GST8和GST20的表达量最高。GST8和GST20周围的结构信息表明，GST8比GST20与小檗碱的结合更强。这些发现代表了大蜡螟解毒酶研究的重要进展，扩展了δ-类GSTs对生物碱的作用。同样，在综合害虫管理策略框架内提出了生物碱类似物对GST的抑制作用。
