Gao Junxian, Tian Wenjie, Zhang Huayang, Wang Shaobin
School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Nanoscale. 2022 Oct 13;14(39):14341-14367. doi: 10.1039/d2nr03924a.
Inverse opal (IO) macroporous semiconductor materials with unique physicochemical advantages have been widely used in solar-related environmental areas. In this minireview, we first summarize the synthetic methods of IO materials, emphasizing the two-step and three-step approaches, with the typical physicochemical properties being compared where applicable. We subsequently discuss the application of IO semiconductors (, TiO, ZnO, g-CN) in various photo-related environmental techniques, including photo- and photoelectro-catalytic organic pollutant degradation in water, optical sensors for environmental monitoring, and water disinfection. The engineering strategies of these hierarchical structures for optimizing the activities for different catalytic reactions are discussed, ranging from heterojunction construction, cocatalyst loading, and heteroatom doping, to surface defect construction. Structure-activity relationships are established correspondingly. With a systematic understanding of the unique properties and catalytic activities, this review is expected to orient the design and structure optimization of IO semiconductor materials for photo-related performance improvement in various environmental techniques. Finally, the challenges of emerging IO structured semiconductors and future development directions are proposed.
具有独特物理化学优势的反蛋白石（IO）大孔半导体材料已在与太阳能相关的环境领域中得到广泛应用。在本综述中，我们首先总结了IO材料的合成方法，重点介绍了两步法和三步法，并在适用的情况下比较了典型的物理化学性质。随后，我们讨论了IO半导体（如TiO、ZnO、g-CN）在各种与光相关的环境技术中的应用，包括水中光催化和光电催化有机污染物降解、用于环境监测的光学传感器以及水消毒。讨论了这些分级结构用于优化不同催化反应活性的工程策略，范围从异质结构建、助催化剂负载、杂原子掺杂到表面缺陷构建。相应地建立了结构-活性关系。通过对独特性能和催化活性的系统理解，本综述有望为IO半导体材料的设计和结构优化提供指导，以在各种环境技术中提高与光相关的性能。最后，提出了新兴的IO结构半导体面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。
