Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Pediatr Radiol. 2023 Jun;53(7):1391-1404. doi: 10.1007/s00247-022-05511-7. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) is an important MRI application that provides noninvasive comprehensive morphological and functional evaluation of the kidneys and urinary tract. It can be used to assess congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, which often present as urinary tract dilation. In children, MRU allows for high tissue contrast and high spatial resolution without requiring ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance urography requires patient preparation in the form of pre-examination intravenous hydration, placement of a urinary catheter, and the administration of diuretics at the time of the exam. The imaging protocol is based on T2-weighted images for anatomical assessment and dynamic post-contrast images for functional evaluation. These images are then used to generate quantitative and graphic results including contrast transit and excretion time as well as to calculate differential renal function. This review focuses on a simple approach to pediatric MRU acquisition and interpretation based on clinical cases and the authors' experience.
磁共振尿路成像（MRU）是一种重要的 MRI 应用，可提供肾脏和尿路的非侵入性全面形态学和功能评估。它可用于评估肾脏和尿路的先天性异常，这些异常通常表现为尿路扩张。在儿童中，MRU 允许在不使用电离辐射的情况下获得高组织对比度和高空间分辨率。MRU 需要患者在检查前进行准备，包括静脉补液、放置导尿管和在检查时使用利尿剂。成像方案基于 T2 加权图像进行解剖评估和动态对比后图像进行功能评估。然后，这些图像用于生成定量和图形结果，包括对比剂通过时间和排泄时间，并计算分肾功能。本综述重点介绍了一种基于临床病例和作者经验的简单儿科 MRU 采集和解释方法。
